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. 2017 May 15;8:295. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00295

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Copyright © 2017 Keshavarz, Schwarz, Hartmann, Wiegand, Skill, Althaus, Kummer and Krasteva-Christ.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Muscarine- and 5-HT-mediated changes in the luminal area of peripheral bronchi from cav-1^+/+ and cav-1^−/− mice after vehicle (^___) or MCD (- - - -) treatment. Changes in the luminal area of mouse peripheral airways were recorded by videomorphometry after application of 1 μM muscarine (Mus), 10 μM 5-HT and 60 mM KCl for vehicle (^___) or MCD (- - - -) treatment. Data are presented as means ± SEM; n = number of bronchi/animals with baseline value set as 100%. (A) The bronchi from cav-1^+/+ and cav-1^−/− mice constrict in response to Mus and 5-HT. In both mouse strains, caveolae disruption by MCD reduces the response to Mus whereas the response to 5-HT is fully abrogated. No differences in the response to KCl occur after MCD-treatment in either mouse strain. (B) Bar graphs of the maximum response after application of 1 μM Mus and 10 μM 5-HT. Luminal area of peripheral bronchi of cav-1^+/+ and cav-1^−/− mice after vehicle (gray) or MCD (white) treatment. Data was analyzed by 2-way ANOVA. Whereas the p-value of the column factor indicates that MCD is effective in both mouse strains, there is no statistically significant interaction. (C) Transmission electron microscopy of intrapulmonary bronchi derived from PCLS included in videomorphometric experiments. Vehicle-treated murine ASM containing areas with caveolae (arrowheads) in the plasma membrane of cav-1^+/+ mice. (D) Cell surface region of an equivalent bronchial SM after caveolae disruption by MCD. Arrows point to plasma membrane without caveolae and bar = 500 nm.