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. 2017 Apr 18;36(10):1302–1315. doi: 10.15252/embj.201696151

Figure 5. Glutamine acquisition through proteolytic scavenging.

Figure 5

Extracellular proteins (macropinocytosis) and live/dead cells (entosis and phagocytosis) can be engulfed and digested in lysosomes to release free amino acids, including glutamine. In addition, intracellular proteins and organelles can also be digested in lysosomes to release free amino acids via macroautophagy.