Table 2. Short physical performance battery (SPPB), strength tests, and morphological assessments.
| IN-Pt | OUT-Pt | Ctrl | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SPPB (raw data) | |||
| Side-by-side stand (sec) | 10.0 (0.0) | 10.0 (0.0) | 10.0 (0.0) |
| Semi-tandem stand (sec) | 10.0 (0.0) | 10.0 (0.0) | 10.0 (0.0) |
| Tandem stand (sec) | 7.1 (3.6) | 8.3 (3.1) | 10.0 (0.0) ## |
| Gait test (sec/4m) | 5.4 (3.2) | 3.8 (0.6) * | 3.4 (0.3) ## |
| Chair stand test (sec/5rep) | 16.0 (5.0) | 10.0 (1.7) ** | 7.4 (1.7) ##, §§ |
| SPPB score | |||
| Side-by-side stand | 1.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.0) |
| Semi-tandem stand | 1.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.0) |
| Tandem stand | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.8) | 2.0 (0.0) ## |
| Gait test | 3.5 (1.0) | 3.9 (0.3) | 4.0 (0.0) |
| Chair stand test | 2.2 (1.3) | 3.7 (0.5) ** | 4.0 (0.0) ##, § |
| Total SPPB | 9.0 (2.4) | 11.2 (1.0) * | 12.0 (0.0) ##, §§ |
| Strength test | |||
| Handgrip (kg) | 24.1 (9.8) | 28.6 (8.6) | 29.3 (7.2) |
| Knee extension (kg) | 19.7 (9.9) | 34.9 (10.3) ** | 37.4 (6.3) ## |
| Morphological assessment | |||
| Fat free-mass (kg) | 40.9 (11.4) | 46.2 (8.4) | 43.5 (10.2) |
| Mid-thigh girth (cm) | 43.8 (8.1) | 46.3 (3.3) | 45.0 (6.2) |
| Lower-leg girth (cm) | 33.1 (5.2) | 35.3 (2.4) | 34.2 (4.1) |
| Anterior mid-thigh MTH (cm) | 3.13 (0.89) | 4.28 (0.74) ** | 4.34 (0.60) ## |
| Posterior mid-thigh MTH (cm) | 5.06 (0.78) | 6.05 (0.51) ** | 5.55 (0.81) # |
| Posterior lower-leg MTH (cm) | 5.59 (0.82) | 6.52 (0.61) ** | 6.46 (0.50) ## |
N=36. Data are given as mean (standard deviation). MTH: muscle thickness. **p<0.01, *p<0.05, IN-Pt vs. OUT-Pt. ##p<0.01, #p<0.05, IN-Pt vs. Ctrl. §§p<0.01, §p<0.05, OUT-Pt vs. Ctrl