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. 2017 Apr 19;7:946. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01044-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Quantitative analysis of in vivo NIS imaging and ex vivo biodistribution data reveals differences in pharmacokinetics between the PET tracer [¹⁸F]BF₄ ⁻ and the SPECT tracer [¹²³I]iodide. (a/b) Image data analysis of (a) dynamic [¹⁸F]BF₄ ⁻-PET and (b) sequential [¹²³I]iodide-SPECT experiments was performed as described in Materials and Methods. Cumulative data of organs expressing exogenous human NIS (primary tumor, red) and expressing endogenous NIS (thyroid, green; salivary glands, black; stomach, grey) are shown for each tracer. A heart volume comprising of the left ventricle was used as a surrogate for the blood pool (blue). Tracer batches were identical for all animals and experiments performed on the same day (N = 3 animals for each tracer). (c) A more detailed view of the radioactivity time course in the left ventricle (surrogate for the blood pool in vivo). It demonstrates the faster and more complete clearance of [¹⁸F]BF₄ ⁻ as compared to [¹²³I]iodide. (d/e) Ex vivo radioactivity analysis by γ-counting of harvested tissues was performed subsequent to imaging. Cumulative SUV data of all experimental animals of the [¹⁸F]BF₄ ⁻ (d) and [¹²³I]iodide (e) cohorts (N = 5 each). Abbreviations are (from left to right): primary tumors (T), heart (H), blood (BL), muscle (Mu), thyroid (Th), stomach (S), and salivary glands (SG). Error bars in all panels represent SD.