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. 2017 Apr 20;7:983. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01063-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Layout of the optical EMP diagnostic in the Vulcan Petawatt interaction chamber, located near the North-East corner of the 2 × 4.6 × 2.2 m steel vacuum vessel. Compass directions are shown for reference. The laser beam was split between the two directional probes using a 50/50 beam-splitter (BS). In our prototype diagnostic, f = 125 mm plano-convex (PCX) lenses were used to focus into the fibre for simplicity. A vertical direction probe was also built, but did not provide useful data due to some movement of the chamber under vacuum, hence only the East-West and North-South probes (EWP and NSP) were used, with crystals 1.25 m from target chamber centre (TCC).