Table 2.
Subgroup analyses.
| Factors | Subgroups | Number of studies | Pooled OR (95% CI) | I 2 | P heterogeneity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Cross-sectional | 7 | 1.25 (0.82–1.91) | 45.8% | 0.09 |
| Longitudinal | 9 | 2.14 (1.51–3.02) | 48.6% | 0.05 | |
| MDR-TB type | Primary MDR-TB | 4 | 1.69 (1.09–2.62) | 2.9% | 0.38 |
| Secondary MDR-TB | 2 | 0.85 (0.29–2.54) | 65.7% | 0.09 | |
| Any | 10 | 1.94 (1.42–2.65) | 48.6% | 0.04 | |
| Ethnicity | Caucasian | 6 | 2.26 (1.66–3.07) | 0.0% | 0.50 |
| Asian | 10 | 1.40 (1.01–1.95) | 47.8% | 0.05 |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio for MDR-TB due to the presence of DM; CI, confidence interval; MDR-TB, multidrug resistant tuberculosis.