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. 2017 Apr 26;7:1166. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00973-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Regulation of accessible chromatin regions (FAIRE-positive regions) by TGF-β at EMT-related gene loci in EpH4 and EpRas cells. (A) Expression levels of Cdh2 (encoding N-cadherin), Fn1 (encoding fibronectin), Cdh1 (encoding E-cadherin), and Esrp2 mRNA evaluated by RNA-seq. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval (CI). EpH4 and EpRas cells were stimulated with TGF-β for 48 h, and expression levels of each mRNA were examined. FPKM, fragments per kilobase of exon per million mapped sequence reads. *p < 0.05, n.s.: not significant. (B) Schematic representation of FAIRE-seq. Cells were treated with 1 ng/ml TGF-β, fixed with formaldehyde, sheared by sonication, and phenol/chloroform extracted. (C) After treatment with 1 ng/ml TGF-β for 8 days, chromatin accessibility at the promoter regions of Cdh2, Fn1, Cdh1, Esrp2, and Gapdh loci was examined in EpH4 and EpRas cells by FAIRE-qPCR analysis. The experiment was performed in two biological replicates. Representative data of the two independent experiments are shown. *p < 0.05.