Figure 2.

Spatial distribution of predicted raw scores on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Total subscale for children in the New Bedford Cohort, born in 1993–1998. A) Spatial variability of DSM-IV Total raw scores among New Bedford Cohort children is predicted for an 8-year-old boy without adjustment for chemical and nonchemical risk factors. The global P value for the significance of location is 0.003. Contour lines denote areas of significantly increased and decreased scores. Adjustment for umbilical cord serum level of the sum of 4 prevalent polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (congeners 118, 138, 153, and 180), umbilical cord serum ρ,ρ′-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene level, peripartum maternal hair mercury level, and child peak 12- to 36-month blood lead level does not change the results. B) Spatial variability in predicted DSM-IV Total scores is attenuated in an analysis adjusted for Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) score (predicted at the 95th percentile, where a higher score is indicative of a better home environment and parenting), and location is no longer significant (P = 0.236). Adjustment for other sociodemographic factors produces similar results.