Table 1.

Characteristics of the Study Cohort With a Felony Conviction in a US State and Comparison of Number of Deaths Ascertained by Source, 2003–2012

Observation Period	No.	DOC		NDI		SSDMF		Comparison Rate Ratios
Observation Period	No.	No. of Deaths	Crude Mortality Rate^a	No. of Deaths	Crude Mortality Rate^a	No. of Deaths	Crude Mortality Rate^a	NDI/DOC	NDI/SSDMF	SSDMF/DOC
Date of sentence through December 31, 2012	145,718	2,446	4.04	7,894	6.87	5,974	5.19	1.70^b	1.32^b	1.29^b
Race
Black	59,735	898	3.25	3,027	6.39	2,036	4.29	1.97^b	1.49^b	1.32^b
White	84,650	1,539	4.74	4,826	7.26	3,913	5.88	1.53^b	1.23^b	1.24^b
Other	1,333	9	2.04	41	3.85	25	2.34	1.88^b	1.64^b	1.15^b
Sex
Male	120,878	2,112	4.03	6,587	6.89	4,972	5.20	1.71^b	1.33^b	1.29^b
Female	24,840	334	4.12	1,307	6.73	1,002	5.14	1.63^b	1.31^b	1.25^b
Age at study entry, years
<25	50,248	532	2.43	1,410	3.52	887	2.21	1.45^b	1.59^b	0.91^b
25–34	41,368	531	2.98	1,444	4.37	1,048	3.18	1.47^b	1.38^b	1.07^b
35–44	32,534	582	4.32	1,893	7.35	1,487	5.78	1.70^b	1.27^b	1.34^b
45–54	17,124	567	9.36	2,149	16.62	1,701	13.16	1.78^b	1.26^b	1.41^b
≥55	4,444	234	17.63	998	31.66	851	26.66	1.80^b	1.19^b	1.51^b
Sentence type
Prison	27,713	722	4.29	1,269	5.65	934	4.20	1.32^b	1.35^b	0.98^b
Probation	51,216	675	3.73	2,719	6.79	2,051	5.09	1.82^b	1.33^b	1.37^b
Jail	11,095	125	3.42	772	8.86	574	6.60	2.59^b	1.34^b	1.93^b
Jail with probation	55,006	921	4.22	3,096	7.16	2,387	5.50	1.70^b	1.30^b	1.30^b
Fines and/or community service	688	3	2.79	38	7.28	28	5.36	2.61^b	1.36^b	1.92^c
Date of sentence through last DOC contact	145,718	2,446	4.04	2,870	4.74	2,119	3.50	1.17^b	1.35^b	0.87^b
Date of sentence through last prison release	50,674	275	1.56	290	1.65	215	1.22	1.06^d	1.35^b	0.78^b

Abbreviations: DOC, Department of Corrections database; NDI, National Death Index; SSDMF, Social Security Death Master File.

^a Unadjusted mortality rates calculated as (no. of deaths/person-years × 1,000); not adjusted for age or other demographic characteristics.

^bP < 0.001 for McNemar test for equivalence of proportions from related/paired samples.

^cP < 0.01 for McNemar test for equivalence of proportions from related/paired samples.

^dP < 0.05 for McNemar test for equivalence of proportions from related/paired samples.