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. 2017 May 2;7:1349. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00992-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Scores plots and corresponding color-coded coefficient plots. These plots derived from O-PLS-DA of ¹H NMR spectral data obtained from urine of uninfected control mice (CO), S. japonicum infected mice (SJ) and mice coinfected with S. japonicum and S. typhimurium (CI). Signals upwards indicate increase in the levels of metabolites compared with the control; signals downwards denote a decrease. 5w + 5d, time point, five days after coinfection; 5w + 7d, time point, seven days after coinfection. Keys: 1, 2-keto-3-methy-valerate; 2, 2-keto-isovalerate; 4, succinate; 5, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO); 7, taurine; 8, citrate; 9, creatine; 10, creatinine; 11, hippurate; 12, 2-keto-isocaproate; 13, 3-ureidopropionate (3-UP); 16, dimethylglycine (DMG); 17, N-methylnicotinamide; 18, indoxyl sulfate; 19, fumarate; 20, trigonelline; 29, N-acetylglutamic acid.