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. 2017 May 2;7:1362. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01594-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mean relative microplastic particle numbers recovered from the soil surface after the experiment (expressed as a percentage of the number of particles added to the soil surface at the beginning), error bars indicate standard error. Dark grey bars show values in absence of earthworms, while light grey bars give data with earthworms. Results are shown for four different particle size ranges: 710–850 μm (PE-1), 1180–1400 μm (PE-2), 1700–2000 μm (PE-3) and 2360–2800 μm (PE-4). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05; Tukey-Kramer HSD).