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. 2017 May 3;7:1478. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01554-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Serum IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokine levels in ducks. Ducks were vaccinated with PBS, 10⁵ PFU of C-KCE or C-KCE-HA/PrM-E (n = 3 per group) subcutaneously. On the day of final immunization (day 14), the serum levels of Th1-type cytokine (IFN-γ) and Th2-type cytokine (IL-4) in ducks were determined by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.