Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2017 May 3;7:1387. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01428-6

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Impact of varenicline on tDCS-induced neuroplasticity. Shown are baseline-normalized MEP amplitudes after plasticity induction by anodal (A) and cathodal (B) tDCS under 0.3 mg, 1.0 mg varenicline or placebo medication conditions up to the evening of the post-stimulation day. (A) In smokers under placebo medication, anodal tDCS induced no excitability enhancement, while 0.3 mg and 1.0 mg varenicline resulted in enhanced MEP amplitudes after anodal tDCS. (B) In the placebo condition, cathodal tDCS failed to induce excitability alterations. In contrast, both low and high doses of varenicline led to significant inhibitory after-effects of tDCS. Error bars indicate S.E.M. Filled symbols indicate significant differences of post-stimulation MEP amplitudes from respective baseline values; Floating symbols indicate significant differences between the respective drug and placebo medication conditions at the same time points (Student’s t-test, two tailed, paired samples, p < 0.05).