Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the Low MCRI group and the High MCRI group.
| Total | Low-MCRI | High-MCRI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 49 | 25 | 24 | |
| MCRI (ml/min per m2) | 594.1 (561–663) | 561.3 (534–576) | 668.8 (616–715) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 40 (36–45) | 40 (35–46) | 41 (37–44) | 0.682 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 1.0 | 23.4 ± 0.9 | 22.9 ± 1.1 | 0.085 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118.6 ± 7.0 | 117.8 ± 7.0 | 119.5 ± 7.0 | 0.403 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.4 ± 5.7 | 74.3 ± 5.7 | 76.5 ± 5.7 | 0.182 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 93.2 ± 6.8 | 93.6 ± 7.6 | 92.9 ± 6.0 | 0.714 |
| Fasting serum insulin (μU/mL) | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.70 ± 1.76 | 4.05 ± 2.02 | 0.004 |
| Fasting serum C-peptide (ng/ml) | 1.23 ± 0.38 | 1.33 ± 0.33 | 1.14 ± 0.40 | 0.077 |
| AUC-glucose during OGTT (mg·min/dl·103) | 21.3 ± 2.9 | 21.7 ± 2.9 | 20.9 ± 2.8 | 0.294 |
| AUC-insulin during OGTT (μU·min/ml·103) | 5.2 ± 2.8 | 6.1 ± 2.8 | 4.3 ± 2.6 | 0.020 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.13 ± 0.49 | 1.32 ± 0.45 | 0.93 ± 0.46 | 0.004 |
| MATSUDA index | 6.7 (4.2–10.9) | 5.5 (3.7–7.7) | 8.7 (6.1–12.1) | 0.008 |
| Free fatty acid (μEq/L) | 335 ± 105 | 352 ± 97 | 318 ± 112 | 0.261 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 108 ± 46 | 109 ± 34 | 107 ± 57 | 0.899 |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 59.0 ± 13.8 | 58.9 ± 13.8 | 59.1 ± 13.8 | 0.951 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 0.566 |
| High molecular weight-adiponectin (ng/ml) | 1.82 ± 1.21 | 1.68 ± 1.27 | 1.97 ± 1.15 | 0.416 |
| C reactive protein (ng/ml) | 177 (125–490) | 259 (156–502) | 148 (89–379) | 0.348 |
| Intramyocellular lipid in TA (S-fat/Cre) | 3.2 ± 1.9 | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 3.0 ± 2.1 | 0.525 |
| Intramyocellular lipid in SOL (S-fat/Cre) | 12.8 ± 6.8 | 14.2 ± 7.0 | 11.3 ± 6.4 | 0.150 |
| Intra hepatic lipid (%) | 1.0 (0.1–2.0) | 1.0 (0.1–2.7) | 0.7 (0.2–1.6) | 0.085 |
| Total body fat content (%) | 20.1 ± 5.0 | 22.2 ± 4.5 | 18.0 ± 4.6 | 0.002 |
| Abdominal visceral fat area (cm2) | 75.3 ± 28.0 | 82.1 ± 28.6 | 68.3 ± 26.0 | 0.085 |
| Abdominal subcutaneous fat area (cm2) | 106 ± 40 | 125 ± 33 | 87.6 ± 37.9 | 0.001 |
| VO2peak (ml/kg per min) | 36.0 ± 7.0 | 33.7 ± 5.8 | 38.5 ± 7.5 | 0.015 |
| Daily Physical Activity (METs · h) | 4.98 ± 2.24 | 4.69 ± 1.35 | 5.28 ± 2.89 | 0.365 |
| Daily alcohol intake (g/day) | 20.0 ± 24.8 | 19.6 ± 19.7 | 20.4 ± 29.7 | 0.919 |
Data are mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).
MCRI; metabolic clearance rate for serum insulin, HOMA-IR; homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, TA; tibialis anterior muscle, S-fat; methylene signal intensity, VO2peak; peak oxygen consumption, AUC; area under the curve, OGTT; oral glucose tolerance test.