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. 2017 May 9;7:1620. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01803-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of protein kinase inhibitor PAO and IAA on malic acid efflux from 4-day-old wheat seedlings. Seedlings were exposed to 0.5 mM CaCl₂ solution (pH 4.5) containing other chemicals: (A) 0 μM AlCl₃ (CK), 5 (10) μM PAO, 50 μM AlCl₃, 50 μM AlCl₃ and 5 (or 10) μM PAO for 24 h; (B) 0 μM AlCl₃ (CK), 50 μM AlCl₃, 50 μM AlCl₃ and 5 (or 10) μM PAO, 50 μM AlCl₃ and 50 μM IAA and 5 (or 10) μM PAO for 24 h. Data are means ± SD (n = 3). Small letter differences in the same figure mean significant difference at P < 0.05.