Table 3.
Pearson and Point-Biserial correlation coefficients between baseline variables (demographic, clinical, psychological) variables (T1) and acute postsurgical pain (T2) in TKA
| Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Postsurgical pain intensity | – | |||||||||||||||||
| 2. Age | 0.05 | – | ||||||||||||||||
| 3. Sex | 0.21 | −0.02 | – | |||||||||||||||
| 4. Disease duration | −0.06 | 0.24 | 0.00 | – | ||||||||||||||
| 5. Presurgical pain | 0.08 | −0.25 | 0.21 | −0.05 | – | |||||||||||||
| 6. Other chronic pain states | 0.19 | −0.23 | 0.34* | 0.10 | 0.05 | – | ||||||||||||
| 7. Pain in other joints | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.56** | – | |||||||||||
| 8. Comorbidities | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.48** | 0.62** | – | ||||||||||
| 9. HADS: Anxiety | 0.25 | −0.25 | 0.08 | −0.09 | 0.12 | 0.33*** | 0.34* | 0.28*** | – | |||||||||
| 10. HADS: Depression | 0.37* | −0.02 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.34* | 0.29*** | 0.21 | 0.27*** | 0.55** | – | ||||||||
| 11. IPQ-R: Timeline duration acute/chronic | −0.09 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.28*** | 0.16 | 0.07 | 0.30*** | 0.52** | – | |||||||
| 12. IPQ-R: Personal control | −0.07 | −0.22 | 0.20 | −0.03 | 0.02 | −0.03 | 0.10 | −0.02 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.29*** | – | ||||||
| 13. IPQ-R: Treatment control | −0.15 | −0.36* | 0.19 | −0.10 | 0.03 | −0.05 | −0.09 | −0.14 | −0.20 | −0.36* | −0.30*** | 0.04 | – | |||||
| 14. IPQ-R: Illness coherence | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.04 | −0.10 | 0.03 | −0.07 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.05 | −0.08 | – | ||||
| 15. IPQ-R: Emotional representation | 0.34* | −0.24 | 0.01 | −0.02 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.46** | 0.40* | 0.22 | 0.06 | −0.14 | 0.13 | – | |||
| 16. LOT-R: Optimism | −0.42** | 0.16 | −0.10 | 0.13 | 0.09 | −0.30*** | −0.06 | −0.12 | −0.39* | −0.47** | −0.28*** | 0.10 | 0.31*** | −0.08 | −0.32*** | – | ||
| 17. CSQ-R: Pain catastrophizing | 0.26*** | −0.34* | 0.26*** | −0.11 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 0.44** | 0.32*** | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.34* | −0.32*** | – | |
| 18. SFQ: Surgical fear | 0.40* | 0.00 | 0.12 | −0.08 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.53** | 0.38* | 0.27*** | 0.11 | −0.48** | 0.11 | 0.41** | −0.35* | 0.11 | – |
Notes: Postsurgical pain intensity – NRS score from BPI-SF.
*
p<0.01,
**
p<0.001,
***
p<0.05.
Abbreviations: BPI-SF, Brief Pain Inventory – Short Form; CSQ-R, Coping Strategies Questionnaire-Revised; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IPQ-R, Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised; LOT-R, Life Orientation Test-Revised; NRS, Numerical Rating Scale; SFQ, Surgical Fear Questionnaire; TKA, total knee arthroplasty.