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. 2017 May 12;7:1848. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02085-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Activation of IκBα, p38-MAPK and ERK in human eosinophils co-cultured with BEAS-2B cells under LL-37 stimulation. Human eosinophils (1.2 × 10⁶) and BEAS-2B cells (4 × 10⁵) were cultured either together or separately with or without 10 µg/ml LL-37 for 10 minutes prior to fixation and permeabilization. Intracellular levels of phosphorylated IκBα (A), phosphorylated p38 MAPK (B), and phosphorylated ERK (C) in cells were measured by intracellular staining with specific antibodies and analyzed using flow cytometry. EOS, eosinophils; CoEOS, eosinophils in co-culture; BEAS, BEAS-2B cells; CoBEAS, BEAS-2B cells in co-culture. Results are expressed as MFI subtracting corresponding control groups and shown as arithmetic mean plus SD of triplicate independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 when compared between the denoted groups and eosinophil or BEAS-2B cell control groups.