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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2017 Jun;55(6):561–568. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000718

Table 3.

Effect estimates at 12 weeks from linear mixed effect models on the seven outcomes.

Outcome Effect Effect Estimate 95% CI P-value
Correctly identified the results of their baseline DXA Model 1 Race Black vs. White −0.145 (−0.178, −0.111) <0.001
Model 2 Race Black vs. White −0.154 (−0.194, −0.113) <0.001
Model 3 Race Black vs. White −0.15 (−0.190, −0.110) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control 0.118 (0.087, 0.148) <0.001
Site KP vs. UAB 0.088 (0.052, 0.125) <0.001
Model 4 Race Black vs. White −0.151 (−0.191, −0.111) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control 0.141 (0.100, 0.181) <0.001
Site KP vs. UAB 0.115 (0.067, 0.163) <0.001
Site (KP) * Intervention −0.051 (−0.112, 0.01) 0.099
On guideline concordant pharmacotherapy Model 1 Race Black vs. White 0.144 (0.112, 0.176) <0.001
Model 2 Race Black vs. White −0.073 (−0.111, −0.034) <0.001
Model 3 Race Black vs. White −0.073 (−0.112, −0.035) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control −0.016 (−0.043, 0.01) 0.233
Site KP vs. UAB −0.005 (−0.035, 0.025) 0.737
Model 4 Race Black vs. White −0.073 (−0.111, −0.034) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control −0.028 (−0.063, 0.006) 0.110
Site KP vs. UAB −0.020 (−0.061, 0.021) 0.335
Site (KP) * Intervention 0.029 (−0.025, 0.083) 0.289
Osteoporosis related satisfaction Model 1 Race Black vs. White −0.127 (−0.201, −0.053) 0.001
Model 2 Race Black vs. White −0.053 (−0.145, 0.039) 0.256
Model 3 Race Black vs. White −0.046 (−0.137, 0.046) 0.328
Intervention vs. Control 0.266 (0.194, 0.338) <0.001
Site KP vs. UAB 0.041 (−0.05, 0.132) 0.378
Model 4 Race Black vs. White −0.046 (−0.138, 0.045) 0.323
Intervention vs. Control 0.282 (0.185, 0.38) <0.001
Site KP vs. UAB 0.060 (−0.059, 0.178) 0.322
Site (KP) * Intervention −0.036 (−0.180, 0.109) 0.628
Osteoporosis specific knowledge Model 1 Race Black vs. White −0.656 (−0.724, −0.588) <0.001
Model 2 Race Black vs. White −0.474 (−0.556, −0.392) <0.001
Model 3 Race Black vs. White −0.473 (−0.555, −0.391) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control 0.021 (−0.036, 0.079) 0.463
Site KP vs. UAB 0.023 (−0.042, 0.088) 0.482
Model 4 Race Black vs. White −0.472 (−0.554, −0.39) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control −0.007 (−0.082, 0.068) 0.856
Site KP vs. UAB −0.011 (−0.100, 0.077) 0.801
Site (KP) * Intervention 0.067 (−0.048, 0.183) 0.253
Osteoporosis self-efficacy exercise Model 1 Race Black vs. White 0.006 (−0.066, 0.077) 0.873
Model 2 Race Black vs. White 0.166 (0.082, 0.250) <0.001
Model 3 Race Black vs. White 0.166 (0.082, 0.250) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control −0.010 (−0.068, 0.048) 0.734
Site KP vs. UAB 0.066 (0.000, 0.132) 0.050
Model 4 Race Black vs. White 0.166 (0.082, 0.250) <0.001
Intervention vs. Control −0.013 (−0.090, 0.063) 0.729
Site KP vs. UAB 0.062 (−0.028, 0.152) 0.177
Site (KP) * Intervention 0.008 (−0.109, 0.125) 0.892
Osteoporosis self-efficacy diet Model 1 Race Black vs. White −0.032 (−0.102, 0.038) 0.368
Model 2 Race Black vs. White 0.082 (−0.006, 0.17) 0.067
Model 3 Race Black vs. White 0.082 (−0.006, 0.17) 0.069
Intervention vs. Control −0.018 (−0.079, 0.044) 0.574
Site KP vs. UAB 0.045 (−0.024, 0.114) 0.203
Model 4 Race Black vs. White 0.081 (−0.007, 0.169) 0.071
Intervention vs. Control 0.006 (−0.074, 0.086) 0.877
Site KP vs. UAB 0.074 (−0.020, 0.168) 0.121
Site (KP) * Intervention −0.057 (−0.180, 0.066) 0.365
Patient activation Model 1 Race Black vs. White −0.009 (−0.080, 0.062) 0.796
Model 2 Race Black vs. White 0.112 (0.024, 0.201) 0.013
Model 3 Race Black vs. White 0.114 (0.025, 0.202) 0.012
Intervention vs. Control 0.05 (−0.016, 0.116) 0.141
Site KP vs. UAB 0.029 (−0.049, 0.107) 0.467
Model 4 Race Black vs. White 0.114 (0.026, 0.203) 0.012
Intervention vs. Control 0.033 (−0.055, 0.122) 0.463
Site KP vs. UAB 0.01 (−0.094, 0.114) 0.850
Site (KP) * Intervention 0.037 (−0.095, 0.169) 0.584

Model 1 includes race only (Black vs. White)

Model 2 includes race and covariates measured at baseline

Model 3 includes race, intervention, plus covariates measured at baseline

Model 4 includes race, intervention, interaction between intervention and site (KP vs. UAB), plus covariates measured at baseline

Baseline covariates include, site (KP vs. UAB), age (continuous), education, comorbidity (COPD, depression and breast cancer), self-assessed health status (using self-reported health status, continuous), heath habits (current smoker, former smoker and drinker), bone health (history of DXA, history of fracture and history of osteoporosis treatment), health literacy (continuous), health numeracy (continuous), study DXA, fracture risk, gender of provider, physician, and provider specialty.