Table 3.
Laccase applications in biodegradation and bioremediation in 2016.
| Compound | Laccase | Enzyme form | Mediator | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHENOLS | ||||
| Chlorophenols, cresols, nitrophenols | Trametes sanguineus laccase expressed in Trichoderma atroviride | In culture | – | Balcazar-Lopez et al., 2016 |
| Technical nonylphenol | Phoma sp. UHH 5-1-03 | Free | SA | Hofmann and Schlosser, 2016 |
| Oxybenzone, pentachlorophenol | P. ostreatus | Free | ABTS, HBT, HPI, TEMPO, SA, VA, VAN | Ashe et al., 2016 |
| 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol | Myceliophthora thermophila laccase expressed in Aspergillus oryzae (Novozyme) | Enzymatic membrane reactor | SA | Nguyen et al., 2016b |
| 2,4-dichlorophenol | Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43 | Free | – | Rodríguez-Delgado et al., 2016 |
| DYESTUFFS | ||||
| Bromophenol Blue, Congo Red, Coomassie Blue, Tripan Blue | T. sanguineus laccase expressed in T. atroviride | Free | – | Balcazar-Lopez et al., 2016 |
| Acid Black 172, Congo Red, Crystal Violet, Direct Fast Blue FBL, Indigo Blue, Naphthol Green B, Methylene Blue, Neutral Red, Reactive Brilliant Blue X-BR, Remazol Brilliant Blue Reactive (RBBR) | T. pubescens | Chitosan beads | – | Zheng et al., 2016 |
| Acid Orange 67, Basic Red 18, Basic Yellow 28, Direct Black 166, Direct Yellow 107, Disperse Yellow 79 | Paraconiothyrium variabile | Free | HBT | Forootanfar et al., 2016 |
| Brilliant Blue G, Brilliant Blue R, Bromophenol Blue, Coomassie Blue R250, Crystal Violet, Malachite Green, Methylene Blue, Xylene Cyanol, RBBR | P. sanguineus | Free | VA | Iracheta-Cárdenas et al., 2016 |
| RBBR | T. versicolor (Sigma-Aldrich) | Core-shell magnetic copper alginate beads | HBT | Le et al., 2016 |
| RBBR | Cerrena sp. HYB07 | Cross-linked enzyme aggregates | – | Yang et al., 2016c |
| Coomassie Blue R250 | Cerrena sp. HYB07 | Free | ABTS, AS, HBT, SA, SYA | Yang et al., 2016d,e |
| ENDOCRINE DISRUPTERS | ||||
| Bisphenol A (BPA) | Coriolopsis gallica, Bjerkandera adusta, T. versicolor | Free | HBT | Daâssi et al., 2016 |
| BPA | T. sanguineus laccase expressed in T. atroviride | In culture | – | Balcazar-Lopez et al., 2016 |
| BPA | T. versicolor laccase expressed in S. cerevisiae | Surface display | ABTS | Chen et al., 2016 |
| BPA | T. versicolor (Sigma-Aldrich) | Cross-linked carbon nanotubes-based biocatalytic membranes | – | Ji et al., 2016a |
| BPA | M. thermophila laccase expressed in A. oryzae (Novozyme) | On granular activated carbon, continuous flow packed-bed reactor | – | Nguyen et al., 2016a |
| BPA, 17α-ethinylestradiol | T. versicolor | Polyamide 6/chitosan nanofibers | – | Maryskova et al., 2016 |
| BPA, 17α-ethinylestradiol | Phoma sp. UHH 5-1-03 | Free | SA | Hofmann and Schlosser, 2016 |
| BPA, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 17α-estradiol, 17α-estradiol 17–acetate, estriol, estrone | M. thermophila laccase expressed in A. oryzae (Novozyme) | Enzymatic membrane reactor | SA | Nguyen et al., 2016b |
| POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) | ||||
| All 15 US EPA priority PAHs | B. subtilis CotA expressed in E. coli | Free | ABTS | Zeng et al., 2016 |
| Naphthalene, phenanthrene | T. versicolor (Sigma-Aldrich) | Nonionic surfactant-modified clay | – | Chang et al., 2016 |
| Benzo[a]pyrene, phenanthrene | T. sanguineus laccase expressed in T. atroviride | Free | – | Balcazar-Lopez et al., 2016 |
| PESTICIDES | ||||
| Atrazine | P. ostreatus | Free | ABTS, HBT, HPI, TEMPO, SA, VA, VAN | Ashe et al., 2016 |
| Chlorpyrifos | Bacterial WlacD expressed in Pseudomonas putida | Surface display | – | Liu et al., 2016 |
| Atrazine, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, isoproturon, pyrimethanil | T. versicolor | Free | ABTS, AS, guaiacol, HBT, SA, VA, VAN | Jin et al., 2016 |
| Atrazine, isoproturon | O. sativa laccases expressed in P. pastoris | In culture | – | Huang et al., 2016 |
| Ametryn, atrazine, clofibric acid, fenoprop, pentachlorophenol, propoxur | M. thermophila laccase expressed in A. oryzae (Novozyme) | Enzymatic membrane reactor | SA | Nguyen et al., 2016b |
| MYCOTOXINS | ||||
| Aflatoxin B1 and M1 | P. pulmonarius | Free | ABTS, AS, SA | Loi et al., 2016 |
All tested mediators are listed. ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate); AS, acetosyringone; HBT, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; HPI, N-hydroxyphthalimide; TEMPO, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl; SA, syringaldehyde; SYA, syringic acid; VA, violuric acid; VAN, vanillin.