Table 3.

Mean scores (sd) of burden of care (IEQ-EU) for relatives assessed at baseline and at 9-month follow-up (dimensions: S, Supervision; T, Tension; U, Urging; W, Worrying).

IEQ-EU items	Treatment as usual group			Experimental treatment group			Δ (FU-BL) TAU vs. EXP
	BL (n = 60)	FU (n = 60)	p-value paired t-test	BL (n = 125)	FU (n = 125)	p-value paired t-test	p-value t-test
Encouraged proper care (U)	2.33 (1.44)	1.82 (1.18)	0.012**	2.09 (1.23)	1.82 (1.12)	0.029*	0.306
Helped proper care (U)	1.67 (1.22)	1.41 (0.88)	0.150	1.45 (1.01)	1.32 (0.84)	0.204	0.542
Encouraged to eat (U)	1.52 (0.97)	1.30 (0.46)	0.102	1.63 (1.07)	1.33 (0.78)	0.006**	0.696
Encouraged activity (U)	2.82 (1.32)	2.35 (1.25)	0.002**	2.53 (1.14)	2.24 (1.18)	0.021*	0.380
Accompanied activity (U)	1.76 (1.20)	1.32 (0.84)	0.014**	1.74 (1.11)	1.27 (0.65)	0.000**	0.856
Ensured medicine (U)	2.78 (1.74)	2.46 (1.76)	0.182	2.90 (1.79)	2.05 (1.64)	0.000**	0.121
Guarded dangerous acts (S)	1.51 (1.17)	1.27 (0.90)	0.219	1.56 (1.15)	1.24 (0.82)	0.002**	0.646
Guarded self-harm (S)	1.61 (1.18)	1.29 (0.92)	0.038*	1.66 (1.20)	1.17 (0.71)	0.000**	0.370
Ensured sleep (S)	2.12 (1.38)	1.73 (1.27)	0.007**	2.35 (1.46)	1.64 (1.00)	0.000**	0.182
Guarded alcohol (S)	1.78 (1.35)	1.43 (1.10)	0.048*	1.60 (1.25)	1.48 (1.03)	0.304	0.272
Guarded taking drugs (S)	1.49 (1.22)	1.29 (0.90)	0.222	1.58 (1.29)	1.36 (0.98)	0.034*	0.890
Carried out tasks (U)	1.78 (1.08)	1.49 (0.89)	0.068	1.77 (1.09)	1.53 (0.96)	0.067	0.829
Get up in the morning (U)	2.08 (1.26)	2.08 (1.31)	1.000	2.04 (1.26)	2.22 (1.40)	0.181	0.483
Disturbed sleep (T, S)	1.25 (0.56)	1.33 (0.95)	0.591	1.48 (0.96)	1.20 (0.59)	0.004**	0.041a
Atmosphere strained (T)	1.75 (0.84)	1.76 (0.91)	0.868	1.90 (0.99)	1.59 (0.69)	0.001**	0.045a
Caused quarrel (T)	1.43 (0.79)	1.51 (0.94)	0.498	1.54 (0.89)	1.36 (0.66)	0.032*	0.084
Behavior annoyed (T)	1.80 (0.88)	1.74 (0.94)	0.679	1.74 (0.96)	1.55 (0.77)	0.041*	0.446
Others annoyed (T)	1.20 (0.45)	1.16 (0.42)	0.598	1.33 (0.71)	1.12 (0.47)	0.000**	0.078
You felt threatened (T)	1.08 (0.28)	1.02 (0.14)	0.083	1.13 (0.46)	1.05 (0.26)	0.083	0.833
Moving out behavior (T)	1.16 (0.51)	1.16 (0.47)	1.000	1.26 (0.76)	1.21 (0.76)	0.433	0.636
Pursue own activities	2.92 (1.44)	3.06 (1.53)	0.566	3.05 (1.46)	3.32 (1.53)	0.169	0.714
Worried about safety (W)	2.32 (1.50)	1.70 (0.97)	0.001**	2.59 (1.45)	1.85 (1.31)	0.000**	0.643
Worried treatment received (W)	2.56 (1.40)	2.04 (1.29)	0.016*	2.58 (1.34)	1.87 (1.19)	0.000**	0.483
Worried general health (W)	3.37 (1.36)	2.57 (1.39)	0.000**	3.50 (1.25)	2.52 (1.44)	0.000**	0.491
Worried manage financially (W)	2.80 (1.55)	2.22 (1.28)	0.010**	2.25 (1.44)	2.05 (1.30)	0.142	0.124
Worried relative/friend's future (W)	3.76 (1.21)	3.02 (1.35)	0.000**	3.31 (1.34)	2.64 (1.35)	0.000**	0.760
Worried own future (T)	2.82 (1.60)	2.59 (1.43)	0.274	2.51 (1.39)	2.24 (1.30)	0.068	0.898
Burden (T, W)	1.75 (0.91)	1.58 (0.99)	0.197	2.02 (1.06)	1.64 (1.02)	0.000**	0.236

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.

^aCohen's d = 0.34.