Table 4.

Comparisons of reproductive characteristics between the induced tetraploids and their corresponding diploid F. tataricum cultivars

Reproductive characteristic	Qianwei 2#		Jinku 2#		Chuanqiao 1#		Liuqiao 1#
	4x	2x	4x	2x	4x	2x	4x	2x
Vertical length of flower bud (mm)	4.12 ± 0.16A	3.23 ± 0.22B	4.01 ± 0.24a	3.36 ± 0.25b	3.99 ± 0.20a	3.37 ± 0.15b	4.19 ± 0.23A	3.30 ± 0.11B
Transverse diameter of flower bud (mm)	2.35 ± 0.18A	1.88 ± 0.21B	2.22 ± 0.12A	1.79 ± 0.20B	2.31 ± 0.15a	2.01 ± 0.11b	2.68 ± 0.17A	1.90 ± 0.23B
Flower diameter (mm)	5.15 ± 0.26A	3.68 ± 0.20B	6.35 ± 0.32A	3.24 ± 0.19B	5.45 ± 0.25A	3.56 ± 0.18B	6.41 ± 0.20A	3.29 ± 0.12B
Length of petal (mm)	2.69 ± 0.11A	1.63 ± 0.12B	3.01 ± 0.18A	1.51 ± 0.18B	2.23 ± 0.13A	1.25 ± 0.20B	2.95 ± 0.09A	1.17 ± 0.18B
Width of petal (mm)	0.90 ± 0.03A	0.52 ± 0.06B	0.97 ± 0.09A	0.49 ± 0.02B	0.88 ± 0.07A	0.40 ± 0.05B	0.95 ± 0.03A	0.38 ± 0.08B
Pollen grain diameter (μm)	5.01 ± 0.34A	3.91 ± 0.28B	5.57 ± 0.34A	3.82 ± 0.23B	4.98 ± 0.31A	3.88 ± 0.28B	5.55 ± 0.27A	3.89 ± 0.31B
Pollen-vigorous (%)	20.35 ± 1.38B	49.36 ± 3.21A	18.89 ± 1.34B	42.66 ± 2.89A	19.67 ± 1.89B	45.89 ± 2.92A	17.89 ± 1.25B	40.96 ± 3.01A
No. of inflorescences per plant	42 ± 6a	39 ± 8a	37 ± 7a	35 ± 8a	43 ± 7a	39 ± 5a	38 ± 9a	33 ± 5a
Average length of inflorescence (cm)	8.91 ± 4.25a	10.35 ± 4.36a	7.89 ± 5.02a	10.78 ± 5.21a	7.34 ± 4.56a	9.67 ± 3.89a	6.99 ± 4.23a	10.36 ± 5.01a
No. of flowers per inflorescence	34 ± 21a	67 ± 31a	42 ± 20a	73 ± 26a	39 ± 25a	71 ± 30a	49 ± 22a	77 ± 31a
Thousand-seed weight (g)	24.41 ± 3.67A	19.38 ± 2.25B	22.66 ± 1.89A	19.11 ± 1.12B	31.59 ± 1.35A	18.12 ± 0.98B	26.84 ± 2.01A	17.57 ± 1.03B
Seed size (mm)	8.29 ± 0.84A	5.86 ± 0.73B	8.10 ± 0.35A	6.01 ± 0.34B	7.20 ± 0.17A	5.63 ± 0.22B	7.17 ± 0.24A	5.42 ± 0.11B

Different small-case/capital letters indicate the significance of difference between two mean values at the p = 0.05/0.01 level, respectively, as tested by two-sample t test, the same below