Fig. 1. (a) Schematic representation of the artificial shell, composed of organic poly(norepinephrine) (PN) and inorganic silica layers (yeast^WT: wild-type yeast; yeast^ECP: encapsulated yeast). (b and c) SEM micrographs and EDX line-scan analysis of yeast^ECP confirming the presence of an SH-bearing silica shell. The double-layered shell was mechanically tough enough to maintain the original shape of the yeast. (d) CLSM micrographs of yeast^ECP after staining the cells with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue) and functionalizing the shells with N-(5-fluoresceinyl)maleimide (green). (e) TEM micrographs of the microtome-sliced yeast^ECP.