Table 1.
Integrin | Major ligands | Mouse Phenotype |
---|---|---|
α1β1 | Collagen, laminin | α1−/− : normal vascular development; reduced adult angiogenesis |
α2β1 | Collagen, laminin | α2−/− : normal vascular development; enhanced tumor angiogenesis |
α4β1 | CS1 fibronectin, VCAM-1 | α4−/−: embryonic lethal; 50% die at E9.5–10.5, failure of chorion-allantois fusion; 50% die at E11.5 owing to cardiovascular defects |
α5β1 | Fibronectin, L1-CAM | α5−/− : embryonic lethal E10–11; yolk sac and embryonic vessel defects |
α6β1 | Laminin | α6−/− : embryonic lethal; lethal skin defects; no vascular defect |
α9β1 | Tensacin, fibronectin, thrombospondin, VCAM-1, collagen, laminin | α9−/− : post-natal lethality P8–P12; chylothrorax (accumulation of lymph in the pleural cavity) |
αMβ2 | ICAM-1, fibrinogen | αM−/− : normal development |
αvβ3 | Fibronectin, vitronectin, von Willebrand factor, tensacin, DEL-1, osteopontin | αv−/− : 80% embryonic lethality E9.5; 20% die P20 with brain hemorrhage β3−/− : 50% embryonic and early post-natal lethality; enhanced angiogenesis in surviving adults |
αvβ5 | Vitronectin, osteopontin, DEL-1 | αv−/− : 80% embryonic lethality E9.5; 20% die P20 with brain hemorrhage β5−/− : normal development; reduced adult angiogenesis in response to certain angiogenic factors. |
αvβ8 | Collagen, laminin, fibronectin | β8−/− : disrupted brain blood vessel formation |
α6β4 | Laminin 5 | β4−/−: normal vascular development but lethal skin defects |