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. 2017 May 16;7:1987. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02260-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A schematic diagram of Bc-specific induction of regulatory T cells via suppression of mTOR signaling pathway. The intake of Bc probably suppresses mTOR (mTOR1 and mTOR2) activation that leads to decreased phosphorylation of p70S6K, 4E-BP1, STAT3, AKT (Ser473) and SGK1, as well as up-regulation of transcription factor FOXP3 and down-regulation of transcription factor GATA-3. These events, in turn, facilitate the induction of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Tregs and control of Th2-predominant and Th17 pro-inflammatory responses caused by ST.