Table 4.
Comparison of the estimated GA (weeks) using regression model based on the cardiac valve intervals with the gold standard (identified by CRL), for the cases with various types of anomalies and arrhythmias.
| ID | CRL GA | Valve-based | FHR-based | FHR (bpm) | DUS/fECG SQI | Type of abnormality | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Est. GA | Error | Est. GA | Error | |||||
| 1 | 33 | 35 | 2 | 32 | −1 | 202 | 0.8/0.5 | Tachycardia |
| 2 | 35 | 32 | −3 | 29 | −6 | 175 | 0.8/0.5 | Tachycardia |
| 3 | 38 | 33 | −5 | 48† | 10* | 133 | 0.8/0.4 | Arrhythmia |
| 4 | 37 | 42 | 5 | 47† | 10* | 105 | 0.5/0.3 | Bradycardia for SSS |
| 5 | 38 | 41 | 3 | 76† | 38* | 104 | 0.6/0.3 | Bradycardia for SSS |
| 6 | 35 | 46† | 11* | 34 | −1 | 138 | 0.8/0.4 | WPW |
| 7 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 118† | 81* | 117 | 0.9/0.3 | PAC |
| 8 | 32 | 36 | 4 | 33 | 1 | 142 | 0.7/0.4 | Loss of FHRV-distress |
| 9 | 30 | 36 | 6 | 33 | 3 | 149 | 0.4/0.4 | Heart failure |
| 10 | 33 | 33 | 0 | 34 | 1 | 132 | 0.1/0.5 | Heart anomaly |
| 11 | 36 | 33 | −3 | 33 | −3 | 145 | 0.9/0.5 | Heart anomaly |
| 12 | 30 | 32 | 2 | 35 | 5 | 135 | 0.3/0.3 | Heart anomaly |
| 13 | 34 | 35 | 1 | 30 | −4 | 152 | 0.5/0.5 | Heart anomaly |
| 14 | 22 | 36 | 14* | 41 | 19* | 133 | 0.6/0.2 | Heart anomaly |
| 15 | 22 | 38 | 16* | 54† | 32* | 122 | 0.6/0.3 | Heart anomaly |
| 16 | 36 | 32 | −4 | 34 | −2 | 144 | 0.9/0.3 | Heart anomaly |
| 17 | 28 | 29 | 1 | 32 | 4 | 147 | 0.7/0.3 | TOF |
| 18 | 28 | 30 | 2 | 43† | 15* | 145 | 0.5/0.3 | TOF-VSD-PA-MS-PAC |
| 19 | 23 | 70† | 47* | 63† | 40* | 67 | 0.5/0.2 | VSD-ASD-CDH-CA |
| 20 | 35 | 80† | 45* | 104† | 69* | 65 | 0.7/0.2 | AV block |
| 21 | 27 | 96† | 69* | 87† | 60* | 68 | 0.7/0.2 | AV block-SA-CAV |
| 22 | 24 | 82† | 58* | 86† | 62* | 62 | 0.6/0.3 | PA-CAVC-SA-AV block-PS |
| 23 | 26 | 35 | 9* | 37 | 11* | 127 | 0.3/0.3 | Ebstein's anomaly |
| 24 | 33 | 39 | 6 | 57† | 24* | 122 | 0.6/0.3 | Cardiac dilatation-CHD |
| 25 | 20 | 67† | 47* | 89† | 69* | 78 | 0.3/0.2 | NIHF |
| 26 | 29 | 35 | 6 | 33 | 4 | 144 | 0.9/0.3 | NIHF-Hydrops amnii |
| 27 | 18 | 25 | 7 | 29 | 11* | 158 | 0.8/0.4 | TTTS Donner |
| 28 | 35 | 36 | 1 | 31 | −4 | 152 | 0.3/0.5 | Acute crisis-placental abruption |
| 29 | 24 | 32 | 8 | 31 | 7 | 147 | 0.9/0.3 | Placental dysfunction |
| 30 | 31 | 20 | −11* | 30 | −1 | 163 | 0.6/0.3 | History of intrauterine death |
Marks the estimated GA >42 weeks, where the abnormal condition affects the valve intervals or FHR, therefore the regression model fails to estimate the GA correctly.
The difference (estimated GA - CRL GA) for the cases marked with * is outside the confidence interval of the error of GA estimation for healthy cases.
SSS, Sick sinus syndrome; WPW, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; PAC, Premature Atrial Contraction; TOF, Tetralogy of Fallot; VSD, Ventricular Septal Defect; PA, Pulmonary Atresia; MS, Mitral Stenosis; ASD, Atrial Septal Defect; CDH, Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia; CA, Chromosomal Aberration; AV block, Atrioventricular block; SA, Single Atrium; CAV, Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy; CAVC, Common Atrioventricular Canal; PS, Polysplenia Syndrome; CHD, Congenital Heart Disease; NIHF, Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis; TTTS, Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Donor (Allan et al., 2000; Murray, 2007; Abuhamad and Chaoui, 2012; Allen et al., 2013).