. 2017 Mar-Apr;11(3-4):104–110. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.4127

Table 4.

Embarrassment experienced during cystoscopy and UDS – Univariate analysis

Cystoscopy – Embarrassment during procedure

		n (%)	p	Table (mean ± SD)	p		Insertion (mean ± SD)	p	Removal (mean ± SD)	p
Overall (n=101)		22 (21.8%)		1.0 ± 2.5			0.9 ± 2.3		0.1 ± 1.1
Males (n=66)		14 (21.2%)	1.000	0.9 ± 2.2	0.680		0.6 ± 1.6	0.445	0.1 ± 0.5	0.636
Females (n=35)		8 (22.9%)	1.000	1.1 ± 2.9	0.680		1.5 ± 3.2	0.445	0.3 ± 1.7	0.636
Age, years
18–50 (n=16)		7 (43.7%)	0.109	1.4 ± 2.3	0.319		1.5 ± 2.7	0.270	0.3 ± 1.0	0.540
51–60 (n=19)		3 (15.8%)		0.6 ± 1.9			0.4 ± 1.1		0.0 ± 0.0
61–70 (n=29)		8 (27.6%)		1.3 ± 3.0			1.1 ± 2.6		0.0 ± 0.0
71–80 (n=26)		3 (11.5%)		0.8 ± 2.7			1.0 ± 2.8		0.4 ± 2.0
>80 (n=11)		1 (9.1%)		0.4 ± 1.2			0.2 ± 0.6		0.0 ± 0.0
First-time cystoscopy (n=27)		8 (29.6%)	0.281	1.4 ± 2.7	0.198		1.0 ± 2.2	0.408	0.5 ± 2.0	0.019
Repeat cystoscopy (n=74)		14 (18.9%)	0.281	0.8 ± 2.4	0.198		0.9 ± 2.4	0.408	0.0 ± 0.0	0.019
Information (n=91)		20 (22.0%)	1.000	0.9 ± 2.4	0.778		0.9 ± 2.3	0.492	0.2 ± 1.1	0.638
No information (n=10)		2 (20.0%)	1.000	1.4 ± 3.3	0.778		1.0 ± 3.2	0.492	0.0 ± 0.0	0.638
Anxiety (n=59)		17 (28.8%)	0.052	1.2 ± 2.7	0.083		1.2 ± 2.6	0.038^*	1.4 ± 0.2	0.230
No anxiety (n=42)		5 (11.9%)	0.052	0.6 ± 2.1	0.083		0.5 ± 1.8	0.038^*	0.0 ± 0.0	0.230
Pain (n=59)		18 (42.4%)	0.014^*	1.4 ± 2.9	0.056		1.3 ± 2.9	0.030^*	0.2 ± 1.4	0.230
No pain (n=42)		4 (9.5%)	0.014^*	0.4 ± 1.4	0.056		0.3 ± 1.0	0.030^*	0.0 ± 0.0	0.230

UDS – Embarrassment during procedure

	n (%)	p	Table (mean ± SD)	p	Urethral (mean ± SD)	p	Rectal (mean ± SD)	p	Mict (mean ± SD)	p

Overall (n=185)	64 (34.6%)		0.8 ± 2.0		1.6 ± 2.8		1.4 ± 2.6		1.2 ± 2.6
Males (n=68)	20 (29.4%)	0.268	0.6 ± 1.8	0.192	1.6 ± 3.0	0.544	1.0 ± 2.4	0.088	0.7 ± 2.1	0.068
Females (n=117)	44 (37.6%)	0.268	0.9 ± 2.1	0.192	1.6 ± 2.7	0.544	1.6 ± 2.6	0.088	1.4 ± 2.8	0.068
Age, years
18–50 (n=58)	20 (34.5%)	0.925	0.8 ± 2.2	0.868	1.8 ± 3.0	0.721	1.6 ± 2.8	0.296	1.6 ± 2.9	0.108
51–60 (n=40)	15 (37.5%)		1.1 ± 2.5		2.0 ± 3.3		2.0 ± 3.1		1.4 ± 2.8
61–70 (n=47)	14 (29.8%)		0.6 ± 1.5		1.3 ± 2.3		0.9 ± 2.0		0.6 ± 2.1
71–80 (n=30)	11 (36.7%)		0.8 ± 2.1		1.1 ± 2.3		1.0 ± 2.2		0.9 ± 2.5
>80 (n=10)	4 (40.0%)		0.4 ± 1.3		1.3 ± 3.2		0.8 ± 2.5		0.8 ± 1.6
First-time UDS (n=129)	46 (35.7%)	0.612	0.9 ± 2.2	0.945	1.7 ± 3.0	0.453	1.4 ± 2.7	0.640	1.2 ± 2.7	0.948
Repeat UDS (n=56)	18 (32.1%)	0.612	0.6 ± 1.5	0.945	1.2 ± 2.2	0.453	1.1 ± 2.2	0.640	1.0 ± 2.4	0.948
Information (n=113)	40 (35.4%)	0.874	0.9 ± 2.1	0.271	1.8 ± 2.9	0.162	1.5 ± 2.7	0.299	1.2 ± 2.6	0.598
No information (n=72)	24 (33.4%)	0.874	0.6 ± 1.8	0.271	1.3 ± 2.7	0.162	1.1 ± 2.4	0.299	1.1 ± 2.6	0.598
Anxiety (n=77)	36 (46.7%)	0.005^*	1.1 ± 2.3	0.004^*	2.0 ± 3.1	0.043^*	1.8 ± 2.9	0.028^*	1.6 ± 2.9	0.028^*
No anxiety (n=108)	28 (25.9%)	0.005^*	0.5 ± 1.8	0.004^*	1.3 ± 2.6	0.043^*	1.0 ± 2.3	0.028^*	0.8 ± 2.2	0.028^*
Pain (n=111)	47 (42.3%)	0.007^*	1.1 ± 2.3	0.014^*	2.1 ± 3.2	0.002^*	1.7 ± 2.8	0.005^*	1.5 ± 2.8	0.002^*
No pain (n=74)	17 (23.0%)	0.007^*	0.4 ± 1.5	0.014^*	0.8 ± 0.9	0.002^*	0.8 ± 2.1	0.005^*	0.6 ± 2.0	0.002^*

Significant correlations (p<0.05);

n: number and percentage of patients experiencing embarrassment during the procedure; table: Level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of positioning on examination table; insertion: level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of cystoscope insertion; removal: level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of cystoscope removal; urethral: level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of urethral catheter insertion; rectal: level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of rectal catheter insertion; mict: level of embarrassment on numerical rating scale at the time of micturition; information: patients reported having received information before the procedure. SD: standard deviation; UDS: urodynamic study.