Table 3.

A comparison between different thermal techniques for benign thyroid nodules

Thermal technique	Cost	Treatment duration	Main Usage
PEIT	USD 50 – USD 100	5 to 10 mins	Predominantly cystic benign thyroid nodules
RFA	Equipment: USD 25000 Consumables: USD400 per session	~15 to 30 mins	Solid functioning benign thyroid nodules
LAT	Equipment with built in laser source: ~ USD12000 Nd:YAG laser source: ~USD15,000 to USD 20,000 Consumables: ~USD400 per session	~30 mins	Cold nodules, autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and cysts
Microwave ablation	Equipment: USD 35000 Consumables: USD400 per session	~25 to 30 mins	Predominantly solid or solid benign nodules
HIFU	Equipment cost: ~USD 400,000 Annual maintenance: 10% of the base price Consumables: ~USD 350 per treatment	~60–80 min	Predominantly solid or solid benign nodules

Abbreviations: PEIT percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, RFA radiofrequency ablation, LAT laser ablation therapy, HIFU high intensity focused ultrasound