Table 1.
Demographics and Rates of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt, and Substance Use and Dependence, across all interviews (N=3277).
| All Subjects (N=3277) |
Race | Gender | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| European-American (N=2296) |
African-American (N=981) |
p | Male (N=1615) |
Female (N=1662) |
p | ||
| Age at baseline, mean (SD) | 16.1 (3.3) |
16.1 (3.3) | 16.0 (3.3) | 0.1510 | 16.0 (3.3) |
16.1 (3.3) |
0.2386 |
| Age at last assessment, mean (SD) | 21.7 (5.0) |
21.7 (5.0) | 21.6 (4.8) | 0.6672 | 21.3 (4.9) |
22.1 (5.0) |
<0.0001 |
| Male, % | 49.3 | 49.1 | 49.7 | 0.7293 | – | – | – |
| African-American, % | 29.9 | – | – | – | 30.2 | 29.7 | 0.7293 |
| Hispanic, % | 6.7 | 5.7 | 9.2 | 0.0002 | 7.9 | 5.6 | 0.0090 |
| Lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors | |||||||
| Suicidal ideation, % | 30.2 | 31.6 | 27.1 | 0.0104 | 25.9 | 34.4 | <0.0001 |
| Suicide attempt, % | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 0.4278 | 4.0 | 7.6 | <0.0001 |
| Lifetime substance use and use disorders | |||||||
| Alcohol use, % | 80.3 | 81.2 | 78.3 | 0.0561 | 79.8 | 80.8 | 0.4752 |
| Early alcohol use, % | 22.2 | 24.7 | 16.2 | <0.0001 | 23.4 | 21.0 | 0.0974 |
| Alcohol dependence, % | 13.3 | 15.2 | 8.9 | <0.0001 | 14.6 | 12.1 | 0.0339 |
| Nicotine use, % | 46.6 | 50.3 | 37.7 | <0.0001 | 51.1 | 42.2 | <0.0001 |
| Early nicotine use, % | 14.7 | 16.6 | 10.5 | <0.0001 | 14.8 | 14.7 | 0.9243 |
| Nicotine dependence, % | 20.0 | 22.0 | 15.3 | <0.0001 | 22.9 | 17.2 | <0.0001 |
| Cannabis use, % | 62.9 | 61.0 | 67.4 | 0.0006 | 66.3 | 59.7 | <0.0001 |
| Early cannabis use, % | 17.3 | 15.4 | 21.8 | <0.0001 | 20.4 | 14.3 | <0.0001 |
| Cannabis dependence, % | 17.4 | 16.9 | 18.8 | 0.1889 | 23.1 | 11.9 | <0.0001 |
| Other lifetime characteristics | |||||||
| Parental alcohol use disorder | <0.0001 | 0.2825 | |||||
| Neither parent AUD, % | 38.3 | 36.8 | 41.9 | 38.6 | 38.0 | ||
| Maternal-only AUD, % | 17.4 | 15.0 | 23.0 | 16.2 | 18.7 | ||
| Paternal-only AUD, % | 27.2 | 27.7 | 26.0 | 27.6 | 26.8 | ||
| Both parents AUD, % | 17.1 | 20.6 | 9.1 | 17.7 | 16.6 | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 22.9 | 24.7 | 18.6 | 0.0001 | 16.9 | 28.7 | <0.0001 |
| Externalizing disorders# | 20.1 | 17.7 | 25.6 | <0.0001 | 25.2 | 15.1 | <0.0001 |
| Internalizing disorders$ | 7.0 | 8.0 | 4.8 | 0.0011 | 5.0 | 9.0 | <0.0001 |
| Number of assessment waves | 0.0306 | <0.0001 | |||||
| Baseline only | 15.7 | 16.1 | 14.9 | 17.6 | 14.0 | ||
| Baseline + 1 wave | 15.7 | 15.3 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 14.9 | ||
| Baseline + 2 waves | 15.8 | 15.9 | 15.6 | 17.5 | 14.1 | ||
| Baseline + 3 waves | 19.4 | 18.5 | 21.4 | 19.2 | 19.6 | ||
| Baseline + 4 waves | 21.1 | 20.8 | 21.8 | 18.9 | 23.2 | ||
| Baseline + 5 waves | 12.3 | 13.4 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 14.3 | ||
#
Conduct, oppositional defiant, hyperactivity-impulsivity component of attention-deficit hyperactivity-impulsivity disorder;
$
Panic, social phobia