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. 2017 Apr 17;27:25. doi: 10.1038/s41533-017-0029-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — The stability at a population level over time. Riverplot illustrating the stability of the exacerbation rate over time among exacerbators at baseline. The size of the nodes is proportional to the percentage of individuals classified as frequent exacerbators, infrequent exacerbators and non-exacerbators, respectively. The thickness of the links between categories illustrates the size of the flow, i.e., the proportion of COPD patients within each category who are classified as either frequent exacerbators, infrequent exacerbators and non-exacerbators in the following year. The difference in volume between links and nodes represents the number of deaths each year. Red Frequent exacerbators (≥2 exacerbations in the given year); Blue Infrequent exacerbators (1 exacerbation in the given year); Green Non-exacerbators (0 exacerbations in the given year)