Table 2. Total antibiotic consumption by ATC code and age group (daily defined dose/1,000 inhabitants/day).
| ATC 4-level (chemical subgroup level) | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penicillins with extended spectrum (J01CA) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 7.15 | 6.85 | 7.15 | 8.40 | 8.78 | 10.05 | 10.61 | 10.79 |
| 07–19 years old | 2.69 | 2.38 | 2.46 | 2.42 | 2.23 | 2.29 | 2.30 | 2.48 |
| 20–64 years old | 3.58 | 3.25 | 3.04 | 3.01 | 2.94 | 2.92 | 2.83 | 2.82 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 5.05 | 4.70 | 4.42 | 4.39 | 4.28 | 4.33 | 4.31 | 4.32 |
| Total | 3.82 | 3.49 | 3.36 | 3.41 | 3.35 | 3.45 | 3.43 | 3.47 |
| Combinations of penicillins (J01CR) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 21.84 | 23.91 | 24.23 | 27.45 | 26.35 | 28.28 | 28.42 | 27.79 |
| 07–19 years old | 5.74 | 6.50 | 7.55 | 7.48 | 6.64 | 6.68 | 6.82 | 7.55 |
| 20–64 years old | 3.54 | 4.27 | 4.46 | 4.55 | 4.37 | 4.47 | 4.50 | 4.88 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 4.15 | 5.01 | 5.17 | 5.23 | 5.03 | 5.28 | 5.32 | 5.68 |
| Total | 5.28 | 6.06 | 6.36 | 6.60 | 6.23 | 6.44 | 6.49 | 6.83 |
| First & second-generation cephalosporins (J01DC) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 7.12 | 7.63 | 7.91 | 8.12 | 6.67 | 6.52 | 6.03 | 5.56 |
| 07–19 years old | 4.33 | 4.82 | 5.77 | 6.05 | 5.42 | 5.63 | 5.67 | 6.02 |
| 20–64 years old | 5.11 | 5.46 | 5.74 | 5.97 | 5.81 | 6.04 | 6.14 | 6.40 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 8.08 | 8.64 | 8.84 | 8.99 | 8.63 | 9.04 | 9.12 | 9.36 |
| Total | 5.41 | 5.82 | 6.22 | 6.46 | 6.12 | 6.36 | 6.43 | 6.66 |
| Third & fourth-generation cephalosporins (J01DD) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 2.67 | 3.06 | 3.49 | 4.50 | 4.62 | 5.26 | 5.26 | 5.33 |
| 07–19 years old | 0.56 | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 1.24 |
| 20–64 years old | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.12 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 2.69 | 2.89 | 3.00 | 3.13 | 3.20 | 3.42 | 3.32 | 3.40 |
| Total | 1.10 | 1.22 | 1.33 | 1.45 | 1.50 | 1.61 | 1.62 | 1.69 |
| Macrolides (J01FA) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 7.73 | 7.97 | 8.79 | 10.54 | 11.99 | 10.38 | 9.13 | 9.51 |
| 07–19 years old | 2.23 | 2.58 | 3.39 | 3.78 | 4.03 | 3.76 | 3.71 | 4.44 |
| 20–64 years old | 1.99 | 2.27 | 2.60 | 2.80 | 2.86 | 3.03 | 3.12 | 3.45 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 3.52 | 3.92 | 4.11 | 4.30 | 4.17 | 4.47 | 4.38 | 4.72 |
| Total | 2.59 | 2.88 | 3.30 | 3.63 | 3.79 | 3.79 | 3.75 | 4.14 |
| Fluoroquinolones (J01MA) | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| 07–19 years old | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.13 |
| 20–64 years old | 2.89 | 2.91 | 2.86 | 2.80 | 2.75 | 2.82 | 2.67 | 2.50 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 6.09 | 6.42 | 6.41 | 6.37 | 6.31 | 6.66 | 6.46 | 6.20 |
| Total | 2.62 | 2.69 | 2.68 | 2.58 | 2.56 | 2.68 | 2.59 | 2.47 |
| Others | ||||||||
| ≤ 6 years old | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.22 |
| 07–19 years old | 1.28 | 1.24 | 1.26 | 1.28 | 1.28 | 1.30 | 1.28 | 1.29 |
| 20–64 years old | 3.01 | 2.94 | 2.81 | 2.80 | 2.73 | 2.71 | 2.61 | 2.63 |
| ≥ 65 years old | 4.36 | 4.32 | 4.13 | 4.08 | 3.83 | 3.90 | 3.70 | 3.66 |
| Total | 2.66 | 2.62 | 2.52 | 2.53 | 2.46 | 2.47 | 2.39 | 2.41 |
Note: The number of inhabitants were based on the number of each age group
DID, DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day where DDD represents WHO defined daily doses