Table 2. Association between HL levels and sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, family-related factors of the 3183 military college students.
| Parameters | Percentage (%) | Adequate HL (HL level %) |
Chi-squarec | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Major | Non-MP | 2070(65.03) | 418(20.19) | 2.611 | 0.106 |
| MPb | 1113(34.97) | 252(22.64) | |||
| Gender | Female | 444 (13.95) | 101(22.75) | 0.896 | 0.344 |
| Male | 2739(86.05) | 569(20.77) | |||
| Age | 16∼20 | 1693(53.19) | 340(20.08) | 2.313 | 0.315 |
| 21∼25 | 1391(43.70) | 306(22.00) | |||
| 26∼28 | 99 (3.11) | 24 (24.24) | |||
| College | IC | 699(21.96) | 118(16.88) | 9.577 | 0.008 |
| ILE | 1371(43.07) | 300(21.88) | |||
| TMMU | 1113(34.97) | 252(22.64) | |||
| Ethnicity | Han | 2948(92.62) | 624(21.17) | 0.332 | 0.564 |
| Other | 235 (7.38) | 46 (19.57) | |||
| Years in college | Junior | 2272(71.38) | 452(19.89) | 6.372 | 0.012 |
| Senior | 911 (28.62) | 218(23.93) | |||
| Educational system | Specialist | 491 (15.43) | 77 (15.68) | 10.063 | 0.002 |
| Undergraduate | 2692(84.57) | 593(22.03) | |||
| Residence | Rural | 907 (28.50) | 184(20.29) | 0.444 | 0.505 |
| Urban | 2276(71.50) | 486(21.35) | |||
| Health-related behaviors | |||||
| Smoking | Non-smoking | 2924(91.86) | 622(21.27) | 1.074 | 0.300 |
| Smoking | 259 (8.14) | 48 (18.53) | |||
| Alcohol use | Has not used | 3097(97.30) | 651(21.02) | 0.058 | 0.810 |
| Has used | 86 (2.70) | 19 (22.09) | |||
| Time playing online games | <5 Hours | 2735(85.93) | 598(21.86) | 7.774 | 0.005 |
| ≥5 Hours | 448 (14.07) | 72 (16.07) | |||
| Family-related factors | |||||
| Annual household income | < 50,000 yuan | 1860(58.44) | 365(19.62) | 5.473 | 0.019 |
| ≥ 50,000 yuan | 1323(41.56) | 305(23.05) | |||
| Father's education level | Primary and less | 394 (12.38) | 61(15.48) | 16.412 | 0.001 |
| High school | 1815(57.02) | 399(21.98) | |||
| University | 878 (27.58) | 200(22.78) | |||
| Postgraduate | 96 (3.02) | 10(10.42) | |||
| Mother's education level | Primary and less | 627 (19.70) | 111(17.70) | 11.764 | 0.008 |
| High school | 1888(59.32) | 421(22.30) | |||
| University | 616 (19.35) | 134(21.75) | |||
| Postgraduate | 52 (1.63) | 4 (7.69) | |||
| Father's occupation | Teacher | 142(4.46) | 33 (23.24) | 2.810 | 0.729 |
| Medical staff | 75 (2.36) | 16 (21.33) | |||
| Civil servant | 901(28.31) | 199(22.09) | |||
| Farmer | 830(26.08) | 160(19.28) | |||
| Worker | 392(12.32) | 80 (20.41) | |||
| Other | 843(26.48) | 182(21.59) | |||
| Mother’s occupation | Teacher | 196(6.16) | 48 (24.49) | 6.293 | 0.279 |
| Medical staff | 100(3.14) | 20 (20.00) | |||
| Civil servant | 692(21.74) | 145(20.95) | |||
| Farmer | 949(29.81) | 181(19.07) | |||
| Worker | 326(10.24) | 64 (19.63) | |||
| Other | 920(28.90) | 212(23.04) | |||
b "MP" represents medical profession
c Pearson Chi-Square.