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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 17.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Epidemiol. 2015 Aug 19;25(11):803–810. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.08.002

Table 2.

Hazard ratio estimates of dose-response relationships of lympho-hematopoietic neoplasms with living/working on a farm or household insecticide exposure1

NHL DLBCL FL CLL/SLL Plasma cell neoplasms Myeloid leukemia
N HR, 95% CI N HR, 95% CI N HR, 95% CI N HR, 95% CI N HR, 95% CI N HR, 95% CI
Duration of time lived/worked on a farm
Never 545 Ref 115 Ref 84 Ref 112 Ref 100 Ref 74 Ref
< 5 years 52 1.08, 0.81–1.44 14 1.37, 0.79–2.40 8 1.04, 0.50–2.16 11 1.07, 0.58–2.00 6 0.69, 0.30–1.58 7 1.11, 0.51–2.41
5–19 years 126 1.12, 0.92–1.37 26 1.10, 0.71–1.71 18 1.00, 0.59–1.68 25 1.04, 0.67–1.62 34 1.62, 1.08–2.41 16 1.16, 0.67–2.01
20+ years 35 1.17, 0.83–1.66 9 1.46, 0.73–2.92 9 1.84, 0.91–3.75 8 1.30, 0.63–2.71 3 0.51, 0.16–1.62 6 1.76, 0.75–4.12
Never exposed2 217 Ref 46 Ref 34 Ref 37 Ref 53 Ref 36 Ref
Personally mixed or applied insecticides
Duration
 <1 year 196 1.11, 0.92–1.35 38 1.06, 0.69–1.63 32 1.17, 0.72–1.90 44 1.37, 0.88–2.13 28 0.67, 0.42–1.06 21 0.68, 0.40–1.18
 1–4 years 96   1.27, 1.00–1.62 19 1.23, 0.72–2.10 14 1.17, 0.63–2.20 24 1.71, 1.02–2.87 18 1.02, 0.60–1.75 9 0.70, 0.33–1.45
 5–19 years 112 1.23, 0.98–1.55 30 1.62, 1.02–2.59 19 1.32, 0.75–2.33 22 1.30, 0.76–2.21 17 0.79, 0.46–1.37 13 0.83, 0.43–1.57
 ≥20 years 78   0.92, 0.71–1.19 20 1.14, 0.67–1.94 11 0.81, 0.41–1.61 17 1.10, 0.62–1.97 11 0.53, 0.28–1.02 14 0.95, 0.51–1.77
Frequency
 <1 time per year 197 1.10, 0.90–1.34 35 0.96, 0.61–1.49 32 1.14, 0.70–1.86 44 1.34, 0.86–2.09 31 0.73, 0.46–1.14 20 0.64, 0.37–1.11
 1–5 times per year 225 1.15, 0.95–1.39 55 1.39, 0.93–2.07 36 1.16, 0.72–1.87 52 1.43, 0.93–2.20 38 0.82, 0.54–1.25 28 0.83, 0.50–1.36
 ≥ 6 times per year 55   1.07, 0.80–1.45 16 1.49, 0.84–2.65 6 0.74, 0.31–1.78 11 1.19, 0.60–2.34 5 0.40, 0.16–1.00 10 1.15, 0.57–2.34
Intensity3
Never/very low 409 Ref   78 Ref 66 Ref   81 Ref   84 Ref 56 Ref
Low/moderate 245 1.08, 0.92–1.26 61 1.44, 1.03–2.02 39 1.05, 0.70–1.56 54 1.14, 0.80–1.61 40 0.88, 0.60–1.28 30 0.95, 0.61–1.49
High/very high 45   1.05, 0.77–1.44 14 1.72, 0.97–3.05 5 0.72, 0.29–1.78 9 1.04, 0.52–2.08 3 0.34, 0.11–1.08 8 1.37, 0.65–2.88
Insecticide application in home, lawn, or garden by someone else
Duration
< 1 year 160 1.23, 1.00–1.51 35 1.30, 0.84–2.03 22 1.08, 0.63–1.85 37 1.58, 1.00–2.51 25 0.80, 0.50–1.30 15 0.67, 0.36–1.22
1–4 years 95   0.97, 0.76–1.24 22 1.10, 0.66–1.84 19 1.24, 0.71–2.19 20 1.10, 0.64–1.90 16 0.69, 0.39–1.21 14 0.82, 0.44–1.53
5–19 year 155 1.19, 0.96–1.46 34 1.28, 0.82–2.10 25 1.22, 0.72–2.05 33 1.35, 0.84–2.16 25 0.82, 0.50–1.32 22 0.96, 0.56–1.64
20+ year 72   1.03, 0.78–1.34 14 0.97, 0.53–1.77 9 0.82, 0.39–1.72 18 1.40, 0.79–2.47 10 0.60, 0.30–1.18 6 0.49, 0.20–1.16
Frequency
 <1 time per year 162 1.22, 0.99–1.50 38 1.38, 0.89–2.13 20 0.96, 0.55–1.68 40 1.67, 1.07–2.62 24 0.75, 0.46–1.22 17 0.75, 0.42–1.33
 1–5 times per year 231 1.02, 0.85–1.23 48 1.04, 0.69–1.57 38 1.08, 0.68–1.73 46 1.10, 0.71–1.70 42 0.79, 0.52–1.19 28 0.71, 0.43–1.17
 ≥ 6 times per year 86   1.29, 1.00–1.67 18 1.29, 0.74–2.24 16 1.51, 0.82–2.78 20 1.58, 0.91–2.76 11 0.70, 0.36–1.35 13 1.14, 0.59–2.17
Intensity3
Never/very low 369 Ref   81 Ref   53 Ref   77 Ref   76 Ref 51 Ref
Low/moderate 283 0.99, 0.85–1.16 65 1.07, 0.77–1.49 51 1.25, 0.85–1.84 55 0.86, 0.61–1.22 45 0.79, 0.54–1.15 37 0.91, 0.59–1.39
High/Very high 49   1.13, 0.84–1.53 6   0.63, 0.27–1.44 5 0.78, 0.31–1.98 13 1.32, 0.73–2.40 9 1.06, 0.53–2.13 6 0.99, 0.42–2.32

Abbreviations: NHL, non Hodgkin lymphoma; DLBCL, Diffuse large B cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; CLL/SLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma

1

Each exposure variable was entered into the model individually. The baseline hazard functions were stratified by age at baseline and a time varying indicator for extension study participation. All models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, United States region of residence, occupational type, body mass index and smoking status.

2

Women who never personally used insecticides and who never had pesticides applied by a commercial or lawn service make up the referent group for models investigating the relationship between lympho-hematopoietic neoplasms and frequency or duration of personal insecticide use or exposure to insecticides applied by a commercial or lawn service.

3

Intensity was defined as frequency × duration.