Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the participants
| Characteristic | Physical Activity N=818 |
Health Education N=817 |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 78.7 ± 5.2 | 79.1 ± 5.2 |
| Women | 547 (66.9) | 551 (67.4) |
| Ethnicity/race | ||
| Hispanic | 31 (3.8) | 30 (3.7) |
| Caucasian | 604 (73.8) | 635 (77.7) |
| African American | 163 (19.9) | 125 (15.3) |
| SPPB score | 7.4 ± 1.6 | 7.3 ± 1.6 |
| SPPB score <8 | 353 (43.2) | 378 (46.3) |
| 400 m walking speed (m/s) | 0.83 ± 0.17 | 0.82 ± 0.17 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 30.3 ± 6.2 |
| Self-reported minutes per week in walking activities | 135.1 ± 184.6 | 120.4 ± 165.2 |
| Self-reported minutes per week in strength training activities | 5.3 ± 18.8 | 4.7 ± 17.5 |
| Accelerometry minutes per week of moderate physical activity * | 27.7 ± 25.6 | 27.4 ± 22.7 |
| 3MSE score (0–100 scale) | 91.5 ± 5.5 | 91.6 ± 5.3 |
| Health conditions a | ||
| Hypertension | 568 (69.7) | 583 (72.3) |
| Diabetes | 210 (25.7) | 208 (25.6) |
| Heart attack or myocardial infarction | 65 (8.0) | 64 (7.9) |
| Stroke | 53 (6.5) | 56 (6.9) |
| Cancer | 181 (22.2) | 189 (23.2) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease b | 133 (16.3) | 120 (14.7) |
| Severe arthritis | 152 (18.6) | 160 (19.6) |
| Depressive symptoms | 111 (14.3) | 142 (18.3) |
| Morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 35) | 152 (18.6) | 166 (20.3) |
| Disability scores c | ||
| Basic ADL subscale score | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| Instrumental ADL subscale score | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
| Reported Mobility subscale score | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.7 |
| Total disability score | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 |
Data are means and standard deviations or n (%); SPPB = short physical performance battery.
Defined as “moderate physical activity” for accelerometry based on the 760 counts/minute cut-point. 45.
Values are in a subset of individuals (590 in PA and 581 in HE) with valid accelerometry data.
Some values may slightly differ from those previously published due to data updates.
BMI, body mass index calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; 3MSE, Modified Mini-Mental State Exam; SD, standard deviation.
Self-reported, physician diagnosed
Asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or COPD.
Scores are calculated by first assigning sequential values for each response (e.g. 1 = “nodifficulty” through 5 = “unable to do”) and averaging all the disability responses. Responses of “Did not do for other reasons” are not included in scoring.