Table 4.

Hazard ratios of basic activity of daily living dependency for Physical Activity versus Health Education according to baseline subgroups.

Subgroup	HE (Events / N)		PA (Events / N)		Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	Interaction p-value
	N	Events	N	Events
Ethnicity/race
Non-Hispanic white	609	90	591	91	1.07 (0.80–1.44)	0.45
Other	176	29	199	29	0.85 (0.51–1.43)
Sex
Male	259	43	264	40	0.93 (0.61–1.44)	0.73
Female	528	77	529	80	1.03 (0.75–1.41)
SPPB score
8 or 9	426	49	454	55	1.08 (0.73–1.59)	0.68
< 8	361	71	339	65	0.97 (0.69–1.36)
Age
Age<80	438	54	459	65	1.20 (0.84–1.73)	0.18
Age 80+	349	66	334	55	0.84 (0.59–1.21)
History of CVD
No CVD	539	75	556	82	1.08 (0.79–1.48)	0.45
CVD	238	45	219	38	0.88 (0.57–1.37)
History of diabetes
None	395	52	393	61	1.24 (0.85–1.80)	0.08
Impaired FG	161	22	182	28	1.21 (0.68–2.13)
Diabetes	221	31	200	28	0.64 (0.40–1.02)
400 m walk speed
<0.80 m/sec	486	83	462	87	1.12 (0.83–1.52)	0.29
0.80+ m/sec	301	37	331	33	0.83 (0.52–1.33)
3MSE
<90	244	78	244	77	0.96 (0.70–1.32)	0.58
90+	533	42	531	43	1.11 (0.72–1.71)
Depression Symptoms
CES-D < 16	615	95	614	90	0.90 (0.67, 1.20)	0.02
CES-D ≥ 16	133	17	107	25	2.03 (1.09, 3.78)
Severe Arthritis
Absent	638	98	351	96	0.97 (0.73, 1.29)	0.58
Present	149	22	142	24	1.17 (0.65, 2.11)
Morbid Obesity
BMI < 35	627	96	645	95	1.00 (0.75, 1.33)	0.95
BMI ≥ 35	160	24	148	25	1.02 (0.58,1.80)

SPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery; CVD: cardiovascular disease; 3MSE: Modified Mini-Mental State Exam ; Impaired FG : Impaired fasting glucose measured at baseline.