Table 1.

Cytotoxicity determination of isolates from Castela macrophylla and standard of care agents

Compound	Cell Lines
	CCD18 Co	HT29	MCF-10A	MCF-7
(−)-Glaucarubolone	NI	NI	NI	NI
(−)-Holacanthone	<5	9.91 ± 0.52	0.3 ± 1.25	11.031 ± 1.13
(−)-Glaucarubolone glucoside	40.14 ± 3.41	NI	NI	8.65 ± 1.11
Scopoletin	NI	19.28 ± 0.348	NI	NI
Tamoxifen	ND	ND	38.9 ± 1.19	17.28 ± 0.06
5-Fluorouracil	55.51 ± 3.71	23.50 ± 1.12	NI	78.6 ± 1.73
Doxorubicin	ND	ND	30.2 ± 1.29	NI

Cells were exposed to the isolates or anticancer agents (1 nM-100 μM) for 24 h before cytotoxicity analysis using the MTS or the Alamar Blue^™ assay. IC₅₀ represents the concentration needed to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by 50%. These values (μM) were obtained from the interaction of isolates with various cancer and normal cell lines along with positive controls (standard of care agents Tamoxifen, Fluorouracil and Doxorubicin), as outlined in Materials and Methods. Results are represented as the mean of at least three independent experiments ±SEM. Key: NI: No inhibition (<10% inhibition at 60 μM), ND: Not determined.