Table 1.
Mid-life (visit 1) characteristics of participants overall and stratified by those who died before visit 5/or alive but missing SPPB and by SPPB categories for those who completed the examination in late-life (visit 5)
| Late-life (visit 5) Physical Function (SPPB)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visit 1 characteristics | Visit 1 Total N=15,744 | Died/Missing N=9,828 (62%) | Low [≤6] N=858 (6%) | Fair [>6, <10] N=1,770 (11%) | Good ≥10 N=3,288 (21%) |
| Age, years | 54.17 (5.8) | 55.58 (5.7) | 54.5 (5.5) | 52.5 (5.1) | 50.8 (4.5) |
| Women | 8685 (55%) | 5257 (53%) | 583 (68%) | 1098 (62%) | 1747 (53%) |
| Black race | 4266 (27%) | 2958 (30%) | 335 (39%) | 445 (25%) | 528 (16%) |
| Education <12 years | 3754 (24%) | 2951 (30%) | 218 (25%) | 278 (16%) | 307 (9%) |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 27.7 (5.4) | 28.1 (5.7) | 29.4 (5.90) | 27.3 (4.7) | 26.3 (4.2) |
| Current smoker | 4117 (26%) | 3085 (31%) | 158 (18%) | 352 (20%) | 522 (16%) |
| Diabetes | 1558 (10%) | 1320 (14%) | 86 (10%) | 79 (4%) | 73 (2%) |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 109.0 (40.61) | 113.7 (47.7) | 107.2 (35.5) | 101.6 (24.5) | 99.3 (16.5) |
| Diabetes Medication | 882 (6%) | 787 (8%) | 37 (4%) | 26 (1%) | 32 (1%) |
| Hypertension | 4640 (30%) | 3433 (35%) | 302 (35%) | 385 (22%) | 520 (16%) |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 121.4 (19.0) | 124.4 (20.1) | 122.2 (17.4) | 116.8 (15.5) | 114.5 (15.0) |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 73.8 (11.3) | 74.3 (11.9) | 75.3 (11.4) | 72.9 (10.19) | 72.2 (10.1) |
| Hypertension Medication | 4833 (31%) | 3567 (36%) | 300 (35%) | 433 (24%) | 533 (16%) |
| Heart Failure | 751 (5%) | 621 (6%) | 43 (5%) | 46 (3%) | 41 (1%) |
| Heart Disease | 765 (5%) | 657 (7%) | 12 (1%) | 49 (3%) | 47 (1%) |
| Stroke | 284 (2%) | 246 (3%) | 15 (2%) | 12 (1%) | 11 (0%) |
| Current alcohol use | 8742 (56%) | 5123 (52%) | 426 (50%) | 1046 (59%) | 2147 (65%) |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 215.0 (42.1) | 217.8 (43.2) | 216.5 (43.0) | 212.7 (39.5) | 207.5 (38.7) |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 51.6 (17.1) | 50.7 (17.1) | 53.3 (16.6) | 53.4 (17.5) | 52.8 (16.8) |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 137.7 (39.4) | 140.1 (40.1) | 138.0 (41.8) | 135.3 (36.8) | 131.6 (37.0) |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 131.8 (90.5) | 138.6 (96.4) | 126.2 (71.1) | 123.6 (84.0) | 117.6 (77.0) |
| Lipid Lowering Medication | 452 (3%) | 326 (3%) | 16 (2%) | 37 (2%) | 73 (2%) |
| Physical Activity (mins/wk) | 57.6 (99.7) | 51.37 (94.2) | 45.37 (91.5) | 60.59 (102.1) | 77.7 (112.6) |
| LS 7 Score (0-14) | 7.9 (2.4) | 7.37 (2.4) | 7.53 (2.3) | 8.41 (2.3) | 9.1 (2.1) |
Values are mean (SD) or N (%). BP=blood pressure; HDL=high-density lipoprotein; LDL=low-density lipoprotein; LS7=Life's Simple 7
a
Note: 5,034 (32%) participants were deceased by Visit 5; 4,566 (30%) participants did not attend visit 5; 228 (4%) attended but were missing SPPB at visit 5. To convert values to mmol/L, multiply values for total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol by 0.0259; multiply values for triglycerides by 0.0113