Table 3.

Genes encoding Pi transporters and regulatory factors applied in improving Pi accumulation or crop yields.

Genes	Species transformed	Pi accumulation	Growth performance	Pi toxicity symptoms	Field trials	Reference
OsPT2	Rice	Excessive Pi in shoot	Leaf toxic symptoms and growth retardation under HP condition	Yes	Yes	Liu et al., 2010
OsPT4	Rice	Increased Pi accumulation in roots	Increased 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant	No	No	Ye et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2015
OsPT6	Rice	Excessive Pi in various tissues, including reproductive tissues	Increased biomass under both HP and LP conditions; increased tillering number, grain weight, and grain yield per plant	No	Yes	Zhang et al., 2014
OsPT6	Soybean	High Pi accumulation in leaves, stems and roots	Increased number of pods and seeds, seed weight	No	No	Yan et al., 2014
OsPT8	Rice	Excessive Pi in both root and shoot	Significant growth suppression under HP condition	Yes	Yes	Jia et al., 2011
OsPT9/OsPT10	Rice	Increased Pi uptake; High Pi concentration under HP and LP condition	Significant reduced biomass of shoots under HP condition	Yes	No	Wang X. et al., 2014
TaPht1;4	Wheat	High Pi accumulation in roots and shoots under LP conditions	Increased shoot and root biomass under LP conditions	No	No	Liu et al., 2013
OsPHT2;1 (OsPT14)	Rice	Increased Pi accumulation in leaves under LP condition	Improved biomass under HP and LP conditions	No	Yes	Shi et al., 2013
OsARF12	Rice (mutant)	Over accumulated Pi in old leaves	leaf tip necrosis, accompanied by a large number of brown speckles and growth retardation	Yes	No	Wang S. et al., 2014
OsPHR2	Rice	Increased Pi accumulation in shoot	With chlorosis or necrosis on the leaf margins, predominantly in mature leaves under HP condition	Yes	Yes	Zhou et al., 2008
OsWRKY74	Rice	High P concentration under LP condition	Increased shoot and root biomass, grain weight, tiller number and grain yield under LP conditions	No	No	Dai et al., 2016
TaNFYA-B1	Wheat	High P grain concentration under normal, LP and low-nitrogen conditions; increased Pi uptake	Increased grain yield under normal, LP and low-nitrogen conditions	No	Yes	Qu et al., 2015
TaPHR1	Wheat	Increased Pi concentration in shoots	Increased grain yield per plant under both HP and LP conditions	No	Yes	Wang et al., 2013
TaPHO2-A1	Wheat (knock out)	Increased Pi uptake; High Pi concentration in leaves under HP and LP conditions	Increased grain yield under LP conditions; no adverse effect on grain yield under HP conditions	No	Yes	Ouyang et al., 2016

HP, High Pi; LP, Low Pi