Table 3.
Multinomial logistic regression models of change in loneliness by change in OIDPa between Waves 3 (2006–2007) and 5 (2010–2011), N = 4640, relative risk ratios (RRRs) 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI)
| Becoming lonely (cases/n = 389/4640) | Becoming less lonely (cases/n = 372/4640) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in OIDP | No change | Incident oral impact | Recovery from oral impact | No change | Incident oral impact | Recovery from oral impact |
| Cases/n | 325/389 | 40/389 | 24/389 | 322/372 | 29/372 | 21/372 |
| Model 1 (age-adjusted) | 1.00 | 1.76 (1.23–2.50)** | 1.62 (1.03–2.52)* | 1.00 | 1.27 (0.85–1.90) | 1.44 (0.90–2.30) |
| Model 2 (model 1 + socio-demographic factorsa) | 1.00 | 1.76 (1.23–2.51)** | 1.59 (1.02–2.49)* | 1.00 | 1.22 (0.81–1.83) | 1.35 (0.84–2.17) |
| Model 3 (model 2 + socio-economic factorsb) | 1.00 | 1.74 (1.22–2.48)** | 1.55 (1.00–2.42) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.80–1.81) | 1.32 (0.82–2.13) |
| Model 4 (model 3 + health-related factorsc) | 1.00 | 1.64 (1.15–2.36)** | 1.40 (0.89–2.20) | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.73–1.68) | 1.17 (0.72–1.89) |
| Model 5 (model 4 + psychosocial factorsd) | 1.00 | 1.56 (1.09–2.25)* | 1.34 (0.85–2.11) | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.65–1.49) | 1.07 (0.65–1.75) |
OIDP oral impacts on daily performances
* p value < 0.05; ** p value < 0.01
aGender and cohabiting status
bEducational qualifications and wealth
cLimiting long-standing illness, depressive symptoms, smoking status, and edentulousness
dSocial participation and social support