Table 2.

Changes of steroid hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, gonadotropins and cardiovascular risk factors depending on weight changes in girls with PCOS.

	Weight loss; n = 10 Age at baseline 14.9 ± 1.4 years			Weight increase; n = 10 Age at baseline 15.0 ± 1.2 years
Variable	Baseline	One year later	P-valuea	Baseline	One year later	P-valuea	P-valueb
LH (U/mL)	7.2 (IQR 6.7–8.7)	3.1 (IQR 1.8–4.3)	0.007	7.3 (IQR 5.5–13.5)	11.6 (IQR 3.0–15.4)	0.318	0.969
FSH (U/mL)	5.0 ± 2.6	6.2 ± 4.1	0.348	5.1 ± 2.2	6.1 ± 4.7	0.353	0.496
LH/FSH	2.1 (IQR 1.0–3.6)	0.5 (IQR 0.4–0.7)	0.007	1.9 (IQR 0.8–3.1)	1.9 (0.6–2.9)	0.575	0.705
SHBG (nmol/L)	12 (IQR 6–24)	24 (8–117)	0.022	14 (IQR 8–48)	16 (IQR 10–116)	0.368	0.499
17 Hydroxpregeneolone (nmol/L)	3.9 (IQR 2.2–7.1)	2.9 (IQR 2.0–4.0)	0.241	4.3 (IQR 2.4–7.6)	3.8 (IQR 2.0–11.7)	0.780	0.880
Progesterone (nmol/L)	0.9 (IQR 0.6–2.6)	1.0 (IQR 0.7–1.4)	0.880	1.2 (IQR 0.3–1.6)	0.9 (IQR 0.6–1.4)	0.650	0.999
17 Hydroxyprogesterone (nmol/L)	0.9 ± 0.8	1.0 ± 0.4	0.795	1.3 ± 1.0	1.7 ± 1.2	0.212	0.496
DHEA-S (nmol/L)	4143 ± 1307	3507 ± 1706	0.014	3495 ± 1859	3424 ± 1727	0.826	0.289
Androstenedione (nmol/L)	3.9 ± 0.9	1.8 ± 0.7	<0.001	4.4 ± 3.0	4.2 ± 2.4	0.714	0.652
Testosterone (nmol/L)	0.9 (IQR 0.4–1.3)	0.3 (IQR 0.2–0.5)	0.005	1.0 IQR (0.7–1.5)	1.3 (IQR 0.6–2.3)	0.646	0.496
AIc	6.6 (IQR 2.4–15.3)	1.3 (IQR 0.3–2.3)	0.005	7.0 (IQR 1.5–11.5)	6.1 (IQR 0.7–12.1)	0.721	0.650
E1 (nmol/L)	0.05 (IQR 0.01–0.12)	0.07 (IQR 0.02–0.10)	0.936	0.07 (IQR 0.02–0.17)	0.13 (IQR 0.06–0.26)	0.258	0.596
E2 (nmol/L)	0.10 (IQR 0.04–0.28)	0.11 (IQR 0.06–0.22)	0.934	0.07 (IQR 0.03–0.17)	0.15 (IQR 0.06–0.52)	0.044	0.496
Deoxycorticosterone (nmol/L)	0.001 (IQR 0.001–0.048)	0.001 (0.001–0.033)	0.715	0.001 (IQR 0.001–0.070	0.047 (0.001–0.436)	0.123	0.859
11 Deoxycortisol (nmol/L)	0.4 (IQR 0.3–0.8)	0.5 (IQR 0.3–0.8)	0.545	0.7 (IQR 0.4–1.1)	0.8 (IQR 0.4–1.2)	0.940	0.199
21 Deoxycortisol (nmol/L)	0.6 ± 0.4	0.8 ± 0.2	0.159	0.5 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.3	0.733	0.623
Corticosterone (nmol/L)	5.5 (IQR 3.8–25.0)	3.7 (IQR 1.4–6.7)	0.037	8.9 (IQR 6.3–13.5)	7.2 (IQR 3.7–19.6)	0.878	0.226
Cortisol (nmol/L)	256 (IQR 175–529)	156 (IQR 94–184)	0.045	216 (165–454)	325 (IQR 283–501)	0.052	0.112
Cortison (nmol/L)	55 ± 15	47 ± 10	0.273	64 ± 7	55 ± 10	0.051	0.174
BMI (kg/m2)	31.2 ± 4.1	28.2 ± 3.6	<0.001	31.4 ± 4.9	33.6 ± 5.2	0.010	0.545
BMI-SDS	2.6 ± 0.5	2.0 ± 0.7	<0.001	2.5 ± 0.6	2.7 ± 0.5	0.003	0.650
Waist circumference (cm)	113 ± 9	107 ± 7	<0.001	112 ± 7	115 ± 7	<0.001	0.724
Triceps skinfold (cm)	34 ± 4	29 ± 5	<0.001	32 ± 6	32 ± 8	0.827	0.649
Subscapularis skinfold (cm)	33 ± 8	30 ± 7	0.008	31 ± 8	36 ± 7	0.009	0.630
Body fata (%)	46 ± 6	40 ± 7	0.047	44 ± 7	47 ± 7	0.095	0.587
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	128 ± 36	96 ± 36	0.067	147 ± 48	143 ± 60	0.556	0.257
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	40 (IQR 37–58)	60 (IQR 42–64)	0.048	39 (IQR 37–55)	49 (IQR 41–57)	0.074	0.733
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	96 ± 35	91 ± 46	0.799	85 ± 18	85 ± 36	0.898	0.289
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	90 ± 17	88 ± 15	0.109	88 ± 7	86 ± 15	0.172	0.791
Insulin (U/L)	21 (IQR 18–39)	11 (IQR 7–14)	0.006	24 (IQR 18–37)	17 (IQR 14–22)	0.028	0.880
HOMA	4.6 (IQR 3.6–8.4)	2.4 (IQR 1.3–3.1)	0.005	4.8 (IQR 3.8–8.1)	3.2 (IQR 2.6–4.6)	0.007	0.650
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	123 ± 18	112 ± 6	0.106	127 ± 9	127 ± 8	0.520	0.343
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	79 ± 10	67 ± 8	0.014	76 ± 8	75 ± 9	0.934	0.360

Data as mean and s.d. or median and interquartile range, P values derived from paired and unpaired t-test as well as Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test.

^aP value of change within group; ^bP value of baseline comparison of girls with and without weight loss; ^cAI: (100 * Test/SHBG).