Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants.
| Characteristics | Walnut oil group (45) | Placebo group (45) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55.5±10.7 | 54±11.4 | 0.51 |
| Sex | – | – | 0.09 |
| Male (%) | 25 (55.6) | 28 (62.2) | – |
| Female (%) | 20 (44.4) | 17 (37.8) | – |
| BMI (Kg m−2) | 27.6±2.4 | 27.2±2.3 | 0.43 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 137.7±14.5 | 132.5±17 | 0.75 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 81.6±7.6 | 81.1±7.1 | 0.29 |
| Mean blood pressure (mm Hg) | 109.6±10.1 | 106.8±10.4 | 0.19 |
| FPG (mg dl−1) | 158.3±48.1 | 153.8±54.7 | 0.12 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7±1.1 | 6.9±1.2 | 0.89 |
| Lipid profiles | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg dl−1) | 234.1±33 | 242±38.4 | 0.09 |
| TG (mg dl−1) | 194.5±28.2 | 208.1±45.7 | 0.55 |
| LDL (mg dl−1) | 144.1±22 | 147.8±35.1 | 0.34 |
| HDL (mg dl−1) | 48.3±10.2 | 46.1±11.8 | 0.68 |
| Total cholesterol to HDL ratio | 5±1.1 | 5.5±1.7 | 0.07 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | |||
| Metformin (%) | 97.7 | 95.5 | 0.87 |
| Sulfonylureas (%) | 64.4 | 71.1 | 0.36 |
| Glitazones (%) | 6.6 | 4.4 | 0.53 |
Abbreviations: FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglyceride.