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. 2017 Apr 7;7(6):1531–1542. doi: 10.7150/thno.17247

Figure 3.

Figure 3

(a) Temperature evolution curves of pure water and aqueous solution containing G-TiO2-x at different Ti concentrations under NIR laser irradiation for 5 min (980 nm, 0.72 W cm-2). (b) In vitro cell viabilities (Mean±SD) of HeLa cells incubated with G-TiO2-x at different Ti concentrations for 24 h without (the black histogram) and with NIR laser irradiation for 5 min (the red histogram, 980 nm, 0.72 W cm-2). Optical microscopic images (c) of HeLa cells stained by trypan blue, and confocal fluorescence images of HeLa cells co-stained by calcein-AM and PI (d) after different treatments: (c1-d1): without treatment as a control; (c2-d2): G-TiO2-x incubation alone (4 h, Ti concentration: 50 ppm); (c3-d3): NIR laser irradiation alone for 5 min (980 nm, 0.72 W cm-2); (c4-d4): G-TiO2-x+NIR laser irradiation (4 h, Ti concentration: 50 ppm, 980 nm, 0.72 W cm-2). All the scale bars in (c-d) are 50 μm.