Table 3. Characteristics of participants at the moment of the first episode of metabolic syndrome, according to persistence or discontinuity.
| Variable | 1 episode Persistent MS | 1 episode Non-persistent MS | > 1 episode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD); median (p25-p75) | 55.4 (16.32); 54 (44–67) | 59.40(15.49); 59.5 (48–71) | 62.34 (14.117); 63 (53–73) |
| Gender, women, n, (%) | 465 (49.0) | 1,123 (49.8) | 920 (49.7) |
| BP high-normal 130-139/85-89 mmHg, Yes, n (%) | 51 (5.3) | 167 (7.3) | 88 (4.7) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 610 (63.8) | 1,776 (77.4) | 1,774 (94.7) |
| Dyslipidaemi,n (%) | 799 (83.6) | 54 (2.4) | 488 (26.1) |
| TGC ≥150 mg/dL, Yes, n (%) | 590 (61.7) | 26 (1.1) | 311 (16.6) |
| Low HDL-cholesterol, Yes, n (%) | 604 (63.2) | 28 (1.2) | 293 (15.6) |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73m2mean (SD); median (p25-p75) |
49.29 (9.14); 51 (44.05–57.1) |
48.26 (10.95; 52.4 (42.55–56.7) |
50.29 (9.50); 53.7 (46.5–57.2) |
| Urinary albumin creatinine ratio, mg/gr mean (SD); median (p25-p75) |
19.28 (58.98); 5.2 (5–10.6) |
29.02 (175.38); 5.3 (3.8–9.98) |
22.08 (100.63); 5.1 (3.8–9.7) |
| Microalbuminuria, n (%) | 60 (10.4) | 164 (9.9) | 143 (9.3) |
| BMI, Kg/m2 mean (SD); median (p25-p75) | 30.49 (4.82); 30.22 (21.0–33.2) | 29.29 (4.76); 28.93 (26.0–31.9) | 29.78 (4.15); 29.40 (27.3–31.9) |
| Obesity (BMI≥30 Kg/m2, n (%) | 480 (50.2) | 184 (8.0) | 524 (28.0) |
| Fasting glucose mg/dL mean (SD); median (p25-p75) | 106.43 (46.56); 95 (87–110) | 107.46 (56.23); 97 (88–112) | 112.49 (58.27); 100 (89–119) |
| Impaired fasting glucose, n (%) | 87 (9.1) | 300 (13.1) | 293 (15.6) |
| Hypertension+Obesity+IFG, n (%) | 122 (9.3) | 566 (20.7%) | 382 (35.2%) |
| Hypertension+Obesity+ Dyslipidaemia, n(%) |
587 (44.8) |
1283 (47.0) |
850 (78.4) |
| Hypertension+IFG+ Dyslipidaemia, n(%) | 644 (49.2) | 1,603 (58.7) | 934 (86.2) |
| Hypertension+Type 2 DM2+Obesity, n (%) |
757 (57.8) |
1,862 (68.2) |
982 (90.6) |
| Hypertension+Type 2 DM2+ Dyslipidaemia, n (%) |
927 (70.8) |
2,253 (82.5) |
1,044 (96.3) |
| High-normal BP+Obesity+IFG, n (%) |
927 (70.9) |
2,264 (82.9) |
1,045 (96.4) |
| High-normal+BP+Obesity+ Dyslipidaemia, n (%) |
957 (73.1) |
2,445 (89.5) |
1,069 (98.6) |
| High-normal BP+IFG+ Dyslipidaemia, n (%) |
960 (73.3) |
2,452 (89.8) |
1,071 (98.8) |
| High-normal BP+DM2+Obesity, n (%) |
966 (73.8) |
2,478 (90.7) |
1,071 (98.8) |
| High-normal BP+DM2+ Dyslipidaemia, n (%) |
978 (74.7) |
2,506 (91.8) |
1,072 (98.9) |
BP: blood pressure; IFG: impaired fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL: TGC: triglycerides; HDL-cholesterol: high density lipoprotein; BMI: body mass index; MS: metabolic syndrome; Dyslipidaemia: TGC ≥150 mg/dL and/or low HDL-cholesterol, Microalbuminuria: urinary albumin creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/gr.