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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Bull. 2017 Apr 3;143(6):636–675. doi: 10.1037/bul0000100

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Effect of post-encoding stress on memory. Size of the square indicates the relative weight assigned to that study in the analysis. Error bars represent the 95% confidence interval of the effect. Points to the left of zero indicate a study-average impairment in memory, and points to the right of zero indicate a study-average enhancement in memory. This meta-analysis indicated that post-encoding stress significantly enhanced memory across all studies and paradigms.