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. 2017 May 18;7:2102. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02055-x

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic representation of aptamer library screening strategy. For rounds in which only positive selection was employed, biotinylated anti-FXIa antibodies and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads (1) were combined with FXIa (2) and the original aptamer library (3). Aptamer-FXIa-antibody-bead complexes were then concentrated magnetically and washed (4) prior to separation and recovery of selected aptamers via phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol extraction and ethanol precipitation (5). Following asymmetric PCR to amplify the aptamer pool, steps 1–5 were either repeated directly or components from 1 and 2 were combined with the FXIa-active site inhibitor KPI (−3) for negative selection, magnetic concentration and washing (−4), separation (−5) and amplification, to complete rounds in which both positive and negative selection were employed.