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. 2017 May 19;10:144. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00144

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Copyright © 2017 He, Liu, Zhang, Liang, Dai, Zeng, Pei, Xu and Lan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram of the timeline of this study and the effects of voluntarily running on spatial memory in a water-maze task. (A) Timeline of the behavioral tests and biochemical parameters used in this study. (B) Time to reach the platform in the control and running groups during Morris water-maze training. (C) Representative swim paths of mice in the control and running groups during the probe trial. (D) Mean velocities of mice in the control and running groups during the probe trial. (E) Number of times the target area (former platform) was crossed in the control and running groups during the probe trial. (F,G) Time (F) and % time (G) spent in the target quadrant (formerly contained the platform) in the control and running groups during the probe trial. Datasets are expressed as means ± SD, n = 12. *P ≤ 0.05; ***P ≤ 0.001.