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. 2017 Apr 4;402(4):663–673. doi: 10.1007/s00423-017-1580-y

Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies

Study ID Journal Literature search valid through Published Number of included studies Case series
Total RCT Comparative
Total Prospective Retrospective
Higgins 2011 The Laryngoscope July 2008 2011 9 (+34) 1 8 4 4 34
Lombardi 2016 Surgery August 2014 June 2016 14 4 10 5 5 0
Malik 2016 World J Surg Unknown June 2016 15 (+2) 1 14 Unknown Unknown 2
Pisanu 2014 J Surgical Research August 2013 2014 20 3 17 7 10 0
Sanabria 2013 Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol December 2012 May 2013 6 6 0 0 0 0
Zheng 2013 J Formos Med Assoc April 2011 2013 14 2 12 8 4 0
Yang 2017 International J Surgery July 2016 2017 23 4 19 6 13 0
Wong 2017a International J Surgery September 2015 2017 10 0 10 2 8 0

RCT randomized controlled trial

aConducted solely on “high-risk” patients undergoing re-operations or significant pathology