Table 2.
Participant characteristics of total and according to presence cardiovascular diseases
| Total group n = 72 | Controls n = 36 | CVD patients n = 36 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 60 ± 7 | 59 ± 7 | 61 ± 6 | 0.41 |
| Body height (cm) | 178 ± 7 | 180 ± 7 | 176 ± 6 | 0.011 |
| Body mass (kg) | 81 ± 11 | 81 ± 11 | 81 ± 12 | 0.98 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2)a | 25.3 [23.6 to 27.0] | 24.9 [23.3 to 26.9] | 25.6 [24.2 to 27.9] | 0.20 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)a | 97 [91 to 105] | 100 [93 to 106] | 94 [90 to 100] | 0.035 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)a | 79 [75 to 88] | 83 [77 to 91] | 77 [73 to 82] | 0.011 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131 [123 to 142] | 136 [124 to 142] | 128 [120 to 139] | 0.19 |
| Cardiovascular medication use | ||||
| Anticoagulant (n) | - | 35 (97%) | ||
| Antihypertensive agents (n) | - | 29 (81%) | ||
| Lipid lowering agents (n) | - | 32 (89%) | ||
| Vascular measurements | ||||
| Radial strain (%)a | 4.2 [3.2 to 6.5] | 4.2 [3.2 to 6.4] | 4.8 [3.6 to 6.5] | 0.50 |
| Circumferential strain (%)a | −10.0 [−13.6 to −6.5] | −10.2 [−14.9 to −7.0] | −8.8 [−13.2 to −6.2] | 0.29 |
| Distensibilitya | 0.27 [0.19 to 0.37] | 0.27 [0.20 to 0.35] | 0.29 [0.18 to 0.40] | 0.77 |
| Central pulse wave velocitya | 8.0 [6.8 to 10.1] | 7.8 [6.5 to 10.0] | 8.0 [7.2 to 10.2] | 0.22 |
| Intima to media thickness (mm)a | 0.72 [0.61 to 0.78] | 0.68 [0.58 to 0.76] | 0.76 [0.68 to 0.80] | 0.023 |
P-value refers to an independent Student’s t or Mann-Whitney U test (two-sided) between controls and CVD patients. Data is presented as mean and standard deviation (normal distribution) or median and interquartile range (non-normal distribution)
a Mann-Whitney U test