Table 1. Main characteristics of study participants according to quartiles of total flavonoid intake.
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Pa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 843 | N = 782 | N = 819 | N = 818 | ||
| Male n (%) | 392 (46.5) | 347 (44.4) | 387 (47.3) | 383 (46.8) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 15.51 (6.4) | 14.65 (6.4) | 14.88 (6.36) | 16.35 (6.17) | <0.001 |
| Maternal education level n (%)b | 558 (66.8) | 538 (69.5) | 573 (70.6) | 563 (69.8) | <0.001 |
| Energy intake (Kcal/day) | 1915 (741) | 2042 (719) | 2122 (777) | 2217 (894) | <0.001 |
| Kidmed score (%) | 6.65 (2.19) | 7.13 (2.07) | 7.39 (1.94) | 7.62 (2.06) | <0.001 |
| Community size n (%)c | 0.001 | ||||
| <10,000 | 200 (23.7) | 167 (21.4) | 159 (19.4) | 193 (23.6) | |
| 10,000–50,000 | 231 (27.4) | 206 (26.3) | 199 (24.3) | 209 (25.6) | |
| 50,000–350,000 | 225 (26.7) | 214 (27.4) | 234 (28.6) | 201 (24.6) | |
| >350,000 | 187 (22.2) | 195 (24.9) | 227 (27.7) | 215 (26.3) | |
| Region n, (%)d | <0.001 | ||||
| Central | 220 (26.1) | 176 (22.5) | 181 (22.1) | 211 (25.8) | |
| Northeast | 218 (25.9) | 183 (23.4) | 194 (23.7) | 202 (24.7) | |
| North | 172 (20.4) | 180 (23.0) | 200 (24.4) | 172 (21.0) | |
| South and Canary Islands | 129 (15.3) | 156 (19.9) | 145 (17.7) | 133 (16.3) | |
| East | 104 (12.3) | 87 (11.1) | 99 (12.1) | 100 (12.2) |
Notes.
a
p values were obtained by ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, and Pearson chi-square for normal continuous, non-normal continuous, and categorical variables, respectively; mean and standard deviation for continuous variables age, energy intake; proportions within quintiles for categorical variables (male sex, community size, and region).
b
Maternal education above primary school.
c
Percentage expressed as proportion within community size.
d
Percentage expressed as proportion within region.