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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014 Aug;57(4):1251–1258. doi: 10.1044/2014_JSLHR-S-13-0188

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Study design includes 5 neutral swallows (N1), 30 chin-down swallows (first 5 representing P1, last 5 representing P2), and 5 post-chin-down neutral swallows (N2). Estimated means and 95% confidence intervals at each stage are provided for duration of laryngeal vestibule closure (dLVC), duration to laryngeal vestibule closure (dtLVC), pharyngeal transit time (PTT), and onset of the pharyngeal swallow response (OPSr). All values are in milliseconds. Statistical significance at the alpha level of .05 is indicated by an asterisk and based on Sidak-adjusted p values. Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores are presented as a percentage of Penetration–Aspiration Scale scores in each stage of 3 and above, and median PAS scores at each stage are provided as well.