Table 1.
Identity of candidate genes under study
| Rresv4.0 annotationa | Gene ID | SNPs | Predicted/confirmed function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genes encoding transcription factors | |||
| FGRRES_12164 | FGP1 | 0 | Regulates pathogenicity, toxin synthesis and reproduction in F. graminearum [86] |
| FGRRES_00472 | SCH | 0 | Regulates conidium size, stress responses and pathogenesis in F. graminearum [89] |
| FGRRES_06874 | TOP1 | 0 | Pathogenesis and sporulation in F. graminearum and F. culmorum [90] |
| FGRRES_08811 | EFTU | 1 | Elongation factor 1α elicit an immune response in the host (Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern, PAMP) and was identified as differentially secreted in the study of Rampitsch [61] |
| Genes encoding proteins involved in signal transduction | |||
| FGRRES_06878 | CMK1 | 1 | Predicted virulence associated protein by Lysenko et al. [107], probable Cmk1/2 protein kinase type I [62] |
| FGRRES_16491 | STE11 | 1 | Belongs to MAPK module that regulates fungal development and pathogenicity in F. graminearum [93] |
| FGRRES_08531 | ERF2 | 1 | Associated with aggressiveness in the study of Talas et al. [37] |
| FGRRES_09612 | HOG1 | 3 | Regulates hyphal growth, stress responses and plant infection in F. graminearum. [92] |
| FGRRES_16251 | TRI6 | 2 | Global transcription regulator in F. graminearum associated with affected severity in F. culmorum [108, 109] |
| FGRRES_15765 | LAEA1 | 0 | Involved in control of secondary metabolism, sexual development and virulence in F. graminearum [87] |
| FGRRES_16620 | FLBA | 0 | Involved in conidia production, sexual development, spore germination, mycotoxin production and virulence [88] |
| FGRRES_09614 | GPA | 0 | Required for pathogenicity and normal growth [110] |
| Genes encoding membrane proteins | |||
| FGRRES_09435 | SHO1 | 0 | Fungal development and pathogenicity [93] |
| FGRRES_05633 | MSB2 | 3 | Transmembrane sensor that regulates invasive growth and plant infection in fungi [93, 111, 112] |
| Genes encoding secreted proteins | |||
| FGRRES_02342_M | CUT | 17 | Predicted cutinase, required to penetrate the host cuticle [61] |
| FGRRES_05906 | FGL1 | 4 | Secreted fungal effector lipase [113–115] |
| FGRRES_00838 | HSP70 | 1 | Belong to the family Hsp70 involved in heat-shock response and was found to be secreted differentially under pathogenicity conditions in F. graminearum by Rampitsch et al. [61] |
For each selected gene, the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected with minor allele frequencies (MAF) >5% and function is reported
aThe given ID (FGSG) is the entry number of the Rres v4.0 annotation F. graminearum genome database [47]